Patent
US 11,106,064OF THE I NVENTION
Rajratan Basu
The Government of the United States of America·US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,106,064Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
Canceled
Canceled
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the monolayer flakes have an average thickness of 0.35 nm and an average lateral size of 550 nm and wherein the liquid crystal graphene mixture is liquid crystal E₇ and pristine graphene mixture. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene concentration in the liquid crystal E₇ is 2.5 x 10-3 wt o. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the step of degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture occurs under vacuum. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene sample comprises more than 97 % monolayer flakes. Currently amended
A method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device comprising the steps of: providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monola y er flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid cr y stal to the graphene and ethanol solution; wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ comprising nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C; Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture; filling an LC cell having polyimide (P I) planar-alignment layers with the liquid crystal graphene mixture; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layers during the filling step of the LC cell; and wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 further including the steps of: enhancing the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell by an order of magnitude via the;r-;r electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I planar-alignment layers and LC molecules; and accelerating the electro-optic response of the LC due to higher anchoring energy in the LC cell. Original
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes made from the steps of: Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monolayer flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid crystal to the graphene and ethanol solution; allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes of claim 9 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ with a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength comprising: a LC cell having a polyimide (P I) ali g nment layer; a liquid crystal graphene mixture in the LC cell; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layer during filling the LC cell; wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC; wherein the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell is enhanced by an order of magnitude via the 7-, electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I alignment layer and LC molecules; and wherein the electr o -optic response of the LC is accelerated due to the higher anchoring energy in the cell. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength of claim 12 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ and wherein the liquid crystal E₇ has a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TNI) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
4 materials1 process step
Preparation of pristine graphene (GP) doped liquid crystal E₇ mixture. Graphene sample (>97% monolayer flakes, average thickness 0.35 nm, average lateral size 550 nm) in ethanol solvent was homogenized at 35000 rpm for 5 min with a 5 mm micro-homogenizer tip, then sonicated for 4 h. Liquid crystal E₇ (TNI = 60.5°C) was added and sonicated for 5 h until fully dissolved. Ethanol was slowly evaporated at elevated temperature, and the LC+GP mixture was degassed under vacuum for 1 h, yielding a pure LC+GP mixture at 2.5×10⁻³ wt%.
4 materials1 process step
Pure LC control preparation and LC cell fabrication. Pure LC was dissolved in ethanol, slowly evaporated, and degassed identically to the LC+GP sample. Planar and homeotropic LC cells with 1 cm² semitransparent ITO coated area and 15 μm spacing were used for polar anchoring strength measurements. Electro-optic switching measurements used planar LC cells with 0.25 cm² ITO coated area and 5 μm spacing.
2 materials
Anchoring strength measurement using the Freedericksz threshold voltage method. The polar anchoring strength coefficient We is determined from dielectric capacitance measurements using an Automatic Liquid Crystal Tester. The extrapolated Y-intercept of the dielectric constant vs 1/Vrms linear fit in the high-voltage regime gives the dielectric components needed for the We calculation.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
liquid crystal electro-optic device with graphene-modified PI alignment layer
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
TNI of liquid crystal E7 | 60.5 °C | liquid crystal E₇ |
average thickness of monolayer graphene flakes |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,106,064Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
Canceled
Canceled
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the monolayer flakes have an average thickness of 0.35 nm and an average lateral size of 550 nm and wherein the liquid crystal graphene mixture is liquid crystal E₇ and pristine graphene mixture. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene concentration in the liquid crystal E₇ is 2.5 x 10-3 wt o. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the step of degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture occurs under vacuum. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene sample comprises more than 97 % monolayer flakes. Currently amended
A method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device comprising the steps of: providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monola y er flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid cr y stal to the graphene and ethanol solution; wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ comprising nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C; Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture; filling an LC cell having polyimide (P I) planar-alignment layers with the liquid crystal graphene mixture; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layers during the filling step of the LC cell; and wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 further including the steps of: enhancing the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell by an order of magnitude via the;r-;r electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I planar-alignment layers and LC molecules; and accelerating the electro-optic response of the LC due to higher anchoring energy in the LC cell. Original
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes made from the steps of: Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monolayer flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid crystal to the graphene and ethanol solution; allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes of claim 9 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ with a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength comprising: a LC cell having a polyimide (P I) ali g nment layer; a liquid crystal graphene mixture in the LC cell; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layer during filling the LC cell; wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC; wherein the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell is enhanced by an order of magnitude via the 7-, electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I alignment layer and LC molecules; and wherein the electr o -optic response of the LC is accelerated due to the higher anchoring energy in the cell. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength of claim 12 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ and wherein the liquid crystal E₇ has a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TNI) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
4 materials1 process step
Preparation of pristine graphene (GP) doped liquid crystal E₇ mixture. Graphene sample (>97% monolayer flakes, average thickness 0.35 nm, average lateral size 550 nm) in ethanol solvent was homogenized at 35000 rpm for 5 min with a 5 mm micro-homogenizer tip, then sonicated for 4 h. Liquid crystal E₇ (TNI = 60.5°C) was added and sonicated for 5 h until fully dissolved. Ethanol was slowly evaporated at elevated temperature, and the LC+GP mixture was degassed under vacuum for 1 h, yielding a pure LC+GP mixture at 2.5×10⁻³ wt%.
4 materials1 process step
Pure LC control preparation and LC cell fabrication. Pure LC was dissolved in ethanol, slowly evaporated, and degassed identically to the LC+GP sample. Planar and homeotropic LC cells with 1 cm² semitransparent ITO coated area and 15 μm spacing were used for polar anchoring strength measurements. Electro-optic switching measurements used planar LC cells with 0.25 cm² ITO coated area and 5 μm spacing.
2 materials
Anchoring strength measurement using the Freedericksz threshold voltage method. The polar anchoring strength coefficient We is determined from dielectric capacitance measurements using an Automatic Liquid Crystal Tester. The extrapolated Y-intercept of the dielectric constant vs 1/Vrms linear fit in the high-voltage regime gives the dielectric components needed for the We calculation.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
liquid crystal electro-optic device with graphene-modified PI alignment layer
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
TNI of liquid crystal E7 | 60.5 °C | liquid crystal E₇ |
average thickness of monolayer graphene flakes |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,106,064Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
Canceled
Canceled
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the monolayer flakes have an average thickness of 0.35 nm and an average lateral size of 550 nm and wherein the liquid crystal graphene mixture is liquid crystal E₇ and pristine graphene mixture. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene concentration in the liquid crystal E₇ is 2.5 x 10-3 wt o. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the step of degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture occurs under vacuum. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene sample comprises more than 97 % monolayer flakes. Currently amended
A method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device comprising the steps of: providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monola y er flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid cr y stal to the graphene and ethanol solution; wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ comprising nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C; Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture; filling an LC cell having polyimide (P I) planar-alignment layers with the liquid crystal graphene mixture; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layers during the filling step of the LC cell; and wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 further including the steps of: enhancing the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell by an order of magnitude via the;r-;r electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I planar-alignment layers and LC molecules; and accelerating the electro-optic response of the LC due to higher anchoring energy in the LC cell. Original
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes made from the steps of: Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monolayer flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid crystal to the graphene and ethanol solution; allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes of claim 9 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ with a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength comprising: a LC cell having a polyimide (P I) ali g nment layer; a liquid crystal graphene mixture in the LC cell; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layer during filling the LC cell; wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC; wherein the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell is enhanced by an order of magnitude via the 7-, electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I alignment layer and LC molecules; and wherein the electr o -optic response of the LC is accelerated due to the higher anchoring energy in the cell. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength of claim 12 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ and wherein the liquid crystal E₇ has a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TNI) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
4 materials1 process step
Preparation of pristine graphene (GP) doped liquid crystal E₇ mixture. Graphene sample (>97% monolayer flakes, average thickness 0.35 nm, average lateral size 550 nm) in ethanol solvent was homogenized at 35000 rpm for 5 min with a 5 mm micro-homogenizer tip, then sonicated for 4 h. Liquid crystal E₇ (TNI = 60.5°C) was added and sonicated for 5 h until fully dissolved. Ethanol was slowly evaporated at elevated temperature, and the LC+GP mixture was degassed under vacuum for 1 h, yielding a pure LC+GP mixture at 2.5×10⁻³ wt%.
4 materials1 process step
Pure LC control preparation and LC cell fabrication. Pure LC was dissolved in ethanol, slowly evaporated, and degassed identically to the LC+GP sample. Planar and homeotropic LC cells with 1 cm² semitransparent ITO coated area and 15 μm spacing were used for polar anchoring strength measurements. Electro-optic switching measurements used planar LC cells with 0.25 cm² ITO coated area and 5 μm spacing.
2 materials
Anchoring strength measurement using the Freedericksz threshold voltage method. The polar anchoring strength coefficient We is determined from dielectric capacitance measurements using an Automatic Liquid Crystal Tester. The extrapolated Y-intercept of the dielectric constant vs 1/Vrms linear fit in the high-voltage regime gives the dielectric components needed for the We calculation.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
liquid crystal electro-optic device with graphene-modified PI alignment layer
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
TNI of liquid crystal E7 | 60.5 °C | liquid crystal E₇ |
average thickness of monolayer graphene flakes |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,106,064Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
Canceled
Canceled
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the monolayer flakes have an average thickness of 0.35 nm and an average lateral size of 550 nm and wherein the liquid crystal graphene mixture is liquid crystal E₇ and pristine graphene mixture. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene concentration in the liquid crystal E₇ is 2.5 x 10-3 wt o. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the step of degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture occurs under vacuum. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 wherein the graphene sample comprises more than 97 % monolayer flakes. Currently amended
A method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device comprising the steps of: providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monola y er flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid cr y stal to the graphene and ethanol solution; wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ comprising nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C; Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture; filling an LC cell having polyimide (P I) planar-alignment layers with the liquid crystal graphene mixture; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layers during the filling step of the LC cell; and wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC. Currently amended
The method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device of claim 7 further including the steps of: enhancing the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell by an order of magnitude via the;r-;r electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I planar-alignment layers and LC molecules; and accelerating the electro-optic response of the LC due to higher anchoring energy in the LC cell. Original
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes made from the steps of: Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventor: Basu providing a graphene sample in an ethanol solvent; wherein the graphene sample comprises monolayer flakes; mixing the graphene sample and the ethanol solvent and forming a graphene and ethanol solution; adding a liquid crystal to the graphene and ethanol solution; allowing the liquid crystal to dissolve into the graphene and ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; evaporating the ethanol from the liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution; forming a liquid crystal graphene mixture; degassing the liquid crystal graphene mixture; and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength using monolayer graphene flakes of claim 9 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ with a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TN I) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
A Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength comprising: a LC cell having a polyimide (P I) ali g nment layer; a liquid crystal graphene mixture in the LC cell; wherein the graphene flakes sediment down from the liquid crystal graphene mixture and preferentially attach to the P I alignment layer during filling the LC cell; wherein the graphene modifies the anchoring property of the LC; wherein the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell is enhanced by an order of magnitude via the 7-, electron stacking between the graphene flakes on the P I alignment layer and LC molecules; and wherein the electr o -optic response of the LC is accelerated due to the higher anchoring energy in the cell. Withdrawn
The Liquid Crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength of claim 12 wherein the liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal E₇ and wherein the liquid crystal E₇ has a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (TNI) o f 60.5 °C. Withdrawn
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
4 materials1 process step
Preparation of pristine graphene (GP) doped liquid crystal E₇ mixture. Graphene sample (>97% monolayer flakes, average thickness 0.35 nm, average lateral size 550 nm) in ethanol solvent was homogenized at 35000 rpm for 5 min with a 5 mm micro-homogenizer tip, then sonicated for 4 h. Liquid crystal E₇ (TNI = 60.5°C) was added and sonicated for 5 h until fully dissolved. Ethanol was slowly evaporated at elevated temperature, and the LC+GP mixture was degassed under vacuum for 1 h, yielding a pure LC+GP mixture at 2.5×10⁻³ wt%.
4 materials1 process step
Pure LC control preparation and LC cell fabrication. Pure LC was dissolved in ethanol, slowly evaporated, and degassed identically to the LC+GP sample. Planar and homeotropic LC cells with 1 cm² semitransparent ITO coated area and 15 μm spacing were used for polar anchoring strength measurements. Electro-optic switching measurements used planar LC cells with 0.25 cm² ITO coated area and 5 μm spacing.
2 materials
Anchoring strength measurement using the Freedericksz threshold voltage method. The polar anchoring strength coefficient We is determined from dielectric capacitance measurements using an Automatic Liquid Crystal Tester. The extrapolated Y-intercept of the dielectric constant vs 1/Vrms linear fit in the high-voltage regime gives the dielectric components needed for the We calculation.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
liquid crystal electro-optic device with graphene-modified PI alignment layer
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
TNI of liquid crystal E7 | 60.5 °C | liquid crystal E₇ |
average thickness of monolayer graphene flakes |
| 0.35 nm |
C |
average lateral size of monolayer graphene flakes | 550 nm | C |
monolayer fraction in graphene sample | ≥ 97 % | C |
| 0.35 nm |
C |
average lateral size of monolayer graphene flakes | 550 nm | C |
monolayer fraction in graphene sample | ≥ 97 % | C |
| 0.35 nm |
C |
average lateral size of monolayer graphene flakes | 550 nm | C |
monolayer fraction in graphene sample | ≥ 97 % | C |
| 0.35 nm |
C |
average lateral size of monolayer graphene flakes | 550 nm | C |
monolayer fraction in graphene sample | ≥ 97 % | C |