Patent
US 9,409,997FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE SUBSTRATES
Jeffrey Alan McKinney
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,409,997Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. The r eferenced substrate (100), i ncludes holes (130), e dge regions (110) at the substrate/hole boundary and n on-edge regions (120) that are in …
FIG. 2 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of …
FIG. 3 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the form of …
FIG. 4 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a graphene substrate, where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of hydroxy …
FIG. 5 shows a more detailed illustration of a h ole (130)/substrate interface where the edge includes SVG …
FIG. 6 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving edge (110) and n on-edge (120) regions, a s well as holes (130) where there is no graphene, …
FIG. 7 is an i llustration of three ribbons (710) o f graphene substrates that have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, …
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
FIG. 9 is an illustration of the f unctionalization of carboxylic acid groups (210) through activation and subsequent reaction with a molecule NuM, where "Nu" …
FIG. 10 is an illustration of the replacement of a h ydroxyl group (310) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through acid …
FIG. 11 is an illustration of the opening of an e poxy group (410) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through either …
FIG. 12 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a p yrene moiety (1210) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 13 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing an a mmonium moiety (1310) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 14 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a b iotin moiety (1410) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 15 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a t hiol moiety (1510) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 16 is an illustration of a m olecule (1640) bound to a g raphene substrate (100) through a b ond (1610), where a b inding site (1650) on the molecule is …
FIG. 17 is an illustration of a side view of a g raphene substrate (100) adhered to a s upporting substrate (1700). 5 Detailed Description of the Invention The …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene substrate, wherein the substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions, and wherein organic or inorganic molecules are bound to a nucleophilic moiety covalently linked to a carbon molecule in the edge regions of the substrate, and wherein the organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm.
The graphene substrate according to claim 1, wherein organic molecules are present on the substrate, and wherein the organic molecules are selected from a group consisting of: antibodies; antibody fragments; aptamers; large molecule therapeutics; oligonucleotides; oligopeptides; oligopeptides, proteins and small molecule therapeutics.
A method of functionalizing a graphene substrate, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) obtaining a graphene substrate that has edge regions and non-edge regions, wherein the edge regions comprise carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties; b) reacting the carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties with a Nu- M, wherein Nu is a nucleophilic moiety and M is an attached organic or inorganic moiety, thereby functionalizing the graphene substrate. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein edge regions comprise carboxylic acids. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein Nu is NH 2, and wherein M is an attached organic moiety, and wherein the organic moiety is selected from a group of organic moieties consisting of: an antibody; a linking group attached to an antibody; an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an aptamer; a protein; a linking group attached to a protein; an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligosaccharide; a large molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a large molecule therapeutic; a small molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a small molecule therapeutic. withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
functionalized graphene substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nucleophilic moiety
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,409,997Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. The r eferenced substrate (100), i ncludes holes (130), e dge regions (110) at the substrate/hole boundary and n on-edge regions (120) that are in …
FIG. 2 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of …
FIG. 3 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the form of …
FIG. 4 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a graphene substrate, where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of hydroxy …
FIG. 5 shows a more detailed illustration of a h ole (130)/substrate interface where the edge includes SVG …
FIG. 6 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving edge (110) and n on-edge (120) regions, a s well as holes (130) where there is no graphene, …
FIG. 7 is an i llustration of three ribbons (710) o f graphene substrates that have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, …
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
FIG. 9 is an illustration of the f unctionalization of carboxylic acid groups (210) through activation and subsequent reaction with a molecule NuM, where "Nu" …
FIG. 10 is an illustration of the replacement of a h ydroxyl group (310) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through acid …
FIG. 11 is an illustration of the opening of an e poxy group (410) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through either …
FIG. 12 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a p yrene moiety (1210) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 13 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing an a mmonium moiety (1310) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 14 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a b iotin moiety (1410) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 15 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a t hiol moiety (1510) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 16 is an illustration of a m olecule (1640) bound to a g raphene substrate (100) through a b ond (1610), where a b inding site (1650) on the molecule is …
FIG. 17 is an illustration of a side view of a g raphene substrate (100) adhered to a s upporting substrate (1700). 5 Detailed Description of the Invention The …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene substrate, wherein the substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions, and wherein organic or inorganic molecules are bound to a nucleophilic moiety covalently linked to a carbon molecule in the edge regions of the substrate, and wherein the organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm.
The graphene substrate according to claim 1, wherein organic molecules are present on the substrate, and wherein the organic molecules are selected from a group consisting of: antibodies; antibody fragments; aptamers; large molecule therapeutics; oligonucleotides; oligopeptides; oligopeptides, proteins and small molecule therapeutics.
A method of functionalizing a graphene substrate, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) obtaining a graphene substrate that has edge regions and non-edge regions, wherein the edge regions comprise carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties; b) reacting the carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties with a Nu- M, wherein Nu is a nucleophilic moiety and M is an attached organic or inorganic moiety, thereby functionalizing the graphene substrate. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein edge regions comprise carboxylic acids. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein Nu is NH 2, and wherein M is an attached organic moiety, and wherein the organic moiety is selected from a group of organic moieties consisting of: an antibody; a linking group attached to an antibody; an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an aptamer; a protein; a linking group attached to a protein; an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligosaccharide; a large molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a large molecule therapeutic; a small molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a small molecule therapeutic. withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
functionalized graphene substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nucleophilic moiety
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,409,997Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. The r eferenced substrate (100), i ncludes holes (130), e dge regions (110) at the substrate/hole boundary and n on-edge regions (120) that are in …
FIG. 2 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of …
FIG. 3 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the form of …
FIG. 4 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a graphene substrate, where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of hydroxy …
FIG. 5 shows a more detailed illustration of a h ole (130)/substrate interface where the edge includes SVG …
FIG. 6 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving edge (110) and n on-edge (120) regions, a s well as holes (130) where there is no graphene, …
FIG. 7 is an i llustration of three ribbons (710) o f graphene substrates that have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, …
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
FIG. 9 is an illustration of the f unctionalization of carboxylic acid groups (210) through activation and subsequent reaction with a molecule NuM, where "Nu" …
FIG. 10 is an illustration of the replacement of a h ydroxyl group (310) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through acid …
FIG. 11 is an illustration of the opening of an e poxy group (410) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through either …
FIG. 12 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a p yrene moiety (1210) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 13 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing an a mmonium moiety (1310) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 14 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a b iotin moiety (1410) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 15 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a t hiol moiety (1510) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 16 is an illustration of a m olecule (1640) bound to a g raphene substrate (100) through a b ond (1610), where a b inding site (1650) on the molecule is …
FIG. 17 is an illustration of a side view of a g raphene substrate (100) adhered to a s upporting substrate (1700). 5 Detailed Description of the Invention The …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene substrate, wherein the substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions, and wherein organic or inorganic molecules are bound to a nucleophilic moiety covalently linked to a carbon molecule in the edge regions of the substrate, and wherein the organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm.
The graphene substrate according to claim 1, wherein organic molecules are present on the substrate, and wherein the organic molecules are selected from a group consisting of: antibodies; antibody fragments; aptamers; large molecule therapeutics; oligonucleotides; oligopeptides; oligopeptides, proteins and small molecule therapeutics.
A method of functionalizing a graphene substrate, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) obtaining a graphene substrate that has edge regions and non-edge regions, wherein the edge regions comprise carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties; b) reacting the carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties with a Nu- M, wherein Nu is a nucleophilic moiety and M is an attached organic or inorganic moiety, thereby functionalizing the graphene substrate. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein edge regions comprise carboxylic acids. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein Nu is NH 2, and wherein M is an attached organic moiety, and wherein the organic moiety is selected from a group of organic moieties consisting of: an antibody; a linking group attached to an antibody; an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an aptamer; a protein; a linking group attached to a protein; an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligosaccharide; a large molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a large molecule therapeutic; a small molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a small molecule therapeutic. withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
functionalized graphene substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nucleophilic moiety
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,409,997Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. The r eferenced substrate (100), i ncludes holes (130), e dge regions (110) at the substrate/hole boundary and n on-edge regions (120) that are in …
FIG. 2 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of …
FIG. 3 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a g raphene substrate (100), where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the form of …
FIG. 4 shows a more detailed illustration of an edge region of a graphene substrate, where the edge includes oxidized carbon atoms in the f orm of hydroxy …
FIG. 5 shows a more detailed illustration of a h ole (130)/substrate interface where the edge includes SVG …
FIG. 6 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving edge (110) and n on-edge (120) regions, a s well as holes (130) where there is no graphene, …
FIG. 7 is an i llustration of three ribbons (710) o f graphene substrates that have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, …
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
FIG. 9 is an illustration of the f unctionalization of carboxylic acid groups (210) through activation and subsequent reaction with a molecule NuM, where "Nu" …
FIG. 10 is an illustration of the replacement of a h ydroxyl group (310) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through acid …
FIG. 11 is an illustration of the opening of an e poxy group (410) on the edge of a g raphene substrate (100) h aving non-edge regions (120) through either …
FIG. 12 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a p yrene moiety (1210) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 13 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing an a mmonium moiety (1310) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 14 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a b iotin moiety (1410) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 15 is an illustration of a g raphene substrate (100) functionalized on an edge with an amide containing a t hiol moiety (1510) and h aving non-edge …
FIG. 16 is an illustration of a m olecule (1640) bound to a g raphene substrate (100) through a b ond (1610), where a b inding site (1650) on the molecule is …
FIG. 17 is an illustration of a side view of a g raphene substrate (100) adhered to a s upporting substrate (1700). 5 Detailed Description of the Invention The …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene substrate, wherein the substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions, and wherein organic or inorganic molecules are bound to a nucleophilic moiety covalently linked to a carbon molecule in the edge regions of the substrate, and wherein the organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm.
The graphene substrate according to claim 1, wherein organic molecules are present on the substrate, and wherein the organic molecules are selected from a group consisting of: antibodies; antibody fragments; aptamers; large molecule therapeutics; oligonucleotides; oligopeptides; oligopeptides, proteins and small molecule therapeutics.
A method of functionalizing a graphene substrate, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) obtaining a graphene substrate that has edge regions and non-edge regions, wherein the edge regions comprise carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties; b) reacting the carboxylic acid moieties, epoxy moieties or hydroxyl moieties with a Nu- M, wherein Nu is a nucleophilic moiety and M is an attached organic or inorganic moiety, thereby functionalizing the graphene substrate. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein edge regions comprise carboxylic acids. withdrawn
The method according to claim 9, wherein Nu is NH 2, and wherein M is an attached organic moiety, and wherein the organic moiety is selected from a group of organic moieties consisting of: an antibody; a linking group attached to an antibody; an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an antibody fragment; a linking group attached to an aptamer; a protein; a linking group attached to a protein; an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligopeptide; a linking group attached to an oligosaccharide; a large molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a large molecule therapeutic; a small molecule therapeutic; a linking group attached to a small molecule therapeutic. withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
functionalized graphene substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nucleophilic moiety
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 8 is an i llustration of graphene substrates (810) t hat have edge regions (110) that are functionalized with one or more molecules (M, 610), and w hich …
organic molecules (antibodies, antibody fragments, aptamers, proteins, oligonucleotides, oligopeptides, large molecule therapeutics, small molecule therapeutics)
proteins (therapeutic)
carboxylic acid moiety
amine nucleophilic moiety (NH₂)
NH₂
organic molecules (antibodies, antibody fragments, aptamers, proteins, oligonucleotides, oligopeptides, large molecule therapeutics, small molecule therapeutics)
proteins (therapeutic)
carboxylic acid moiety
amine nucleophilic moiety (NH₂)
NH₂
organic molecules (antibodies, antibody fragments, aptamers, proteins, oligonucleotides, oligopeptides, large molecule therapeutics, small molecule therapeutics)
proteins (therapeutic)
carboxylic acid moiety
amine nucleophilic moiety (NH₂)
NH₂
organic molecules (antibodies, antibody fragments, aptamers, proteins, oligonucleotides, oligopeptides, large molecule therapeutics, small molecule therapeutics)
proteins (therapeutic)
carboxylic acid moiety
amine nucleophilic moiety (NH₂)
NH₂