Patent
US 11,584,650GRAPHENE OXIDE AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF
Yulin ZHONG
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,584,650Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 provides (a) schematic drawing of a mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup according to one embodiment of the present invention; (b) perspective view of the same mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup. [34]
Figure 2 illustrates the large volume expansion of graphite flakes after electrochemical exfoliation with stirring in comparison, showing the graphite (a) before electrochemical exfoliation; (b) product of control experiment without stirring; and (c) product of experiment of present invention with …
Figure 3 provides a schematic diagram of the stages of intercalation of SO ions during electrochemical exfoliation. [36]
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Figure 5 provides a schematic comparison of representative structures of (a) chemically-oxidised graphene oxide; and (b) graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the present invention. [38]
Figure 6 provides a schematic drawing of the control graphene oxide electrochemical setup. [39]
Figure 7 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of an electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [40]
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 11 shows inventive EGO material dispersion in solvents: water, DMF, IPA, ethanol, THF, acetone, toluene, hexane after just sonicated, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. [44]
Figure 12 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of inventive EGO product with different graphite mass loading via the control "T cell" method. [45]
Figure 13 shows X-ray diffraction patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The samples were tested immediately after reaction without any treatment. [46]
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 16 shows X-ray data of chemically derived graphene oxide (C GO) and oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed with water several times until the pH value of the supernatant is close to 7, and then were dried at 5 0 overnight. …
Figure 17 shows TGA curve of C GO and inventive EGO samples at (a) different reaction period and (b) their respective weight loss at 300 C. [50]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of producing graphene oxide comprising: locating loose graphite particles within an electrochemical cell having a working electrode, counter electrode, and an aqueous acid electrolyte, the working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte to contact at least a portion of the graphite particles, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of s s acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; agitating the graphite particles within the electrolyte to create a graphite slurry vortex; and applying a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode, thereby resulting in electrochemical exfoliation and oxidation of the graphite particles to produce graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles are agitated within the electrolyte by at least one of mechanical agitation or flow constriction. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a shear force sufficient to assist in exfoliation of oxidised graphene layers. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a flow velocity in the electrolyte of at least 0.1 m/s. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has a pore size of <0.8 m. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the counter electrode comprises a conductive body. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte includes molecules and/or ions which facilitate the intercalation of graphite layers of the graphite particles. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles have an average particle size of from 10 p m to 25 mm. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles comprise graphite flakes. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode provides a current of at least 1 A therebetween. Previously presented
-8.. Canceled
Canceled
. Canceled
An apparatus for producing graphene oxide by electrochemical exfoliation of loose graphite particles, the apparatus including: a fluid housing configured to house an aqueous acid electrolyte; a working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte and configured to engage graphite particles located in the apparatus, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; a counter electrode separated from the working electrode and graphite particles; a potentiostat for creating a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode; and an agitation arrangement, which in use, agitates the graphite particles within the electrolyte. Currently amended
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein mechanical agitation or a flow constriction.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein body. Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric Previously presented
-22.. Canceled
Canceled
-35.. Canceled
Canceled the agitation arrangement comprises a Currently amended the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. the counter electrode comprises a conductive the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrochemical cell for graphene oxide production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphite particles
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | 30–700 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,584,650Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 provides (a) schematic drawing of a mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup according to one embodiment of the present invention; (b) perspective view of the same mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup. [34]
Figure 2 illustrates the large volume expansion of graphite flakes after electrochemical exfoliation with stirring in comparison, showing the graphite (a) before electrochemical exfoliation; (b) product of control experiment without stirring; and (c) product of experiment of present invention with …
Figure 3 provides a schematic diagram of the stages of intercalation of SO ions during electrochemical exfoliation. [36]
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Figure 5 provides a schematic comparison of representative structures of (a) chemically-oxidised graphene oxide; and (b) graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the present invention. [38]
Figure 6 provides a schematic drawing of the control graphene oxide electrochemical setup. [39]
Figure 7 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of an electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [40]
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 11 shows inventive EGO material dispersion in solvents: water, DMF, IPA, ethanol, THF, acetone, toluene, hexane after just sonicated, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. [44]
Figure 12 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of inventive EGO product with different graphite mass loading via the control "T cell" method. [45]
Figure 13 shows X-ray diffraction patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The samples were tested immediately after reaction without any treatment. [46]
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 16 shows X-ray data of chemically derived graphene oxide (C GO) and oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed with water several times until the pH value of the supernatant is close to 7, and then were dried at 5 0 overnight. …
Figure 17 shows TGA curve of C GO and inventive EGO samples at (a) different reaction period and (b) their respective weight loss at 300 C. [50]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of producing graphene oxide comprising: locating loose graphite particles within an electrochemical cell having a working electrode, counter electrode, and an aqueous acid electrolyte, the working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte to contact at least a portion of the graphite particles, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of s s acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; agitating the graphite particles within the electrolyte to create a graphite slurry vortex; and applying a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode, thereby resulting in electrochemical exfoliation and oxidation of the graphite particles to produce graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles are agitated within the electrolyte by at least one of mechanical agitation or flow constriction. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a shear force sufficient to assist in exfoliation of oxidised graphene layers. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a flow velocity in the electrolyte of at least 0.1 m/s. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has a pore size of <0.8 m. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the counter electrode comprises a conductive body. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte includes molecules and/or ions which facilitate the intercalation of graphite layers of the graphite particles. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles have an average particle size of from 10 p m to 25 mm. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles comprise graphite flakes. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode provides a current of at least 1 A therebetween. Previously presented
-8.. Canceled
Canceled
. Canceled
An apparatus for producing graphene oxide by electrochemical exfoliation of loose graphite particles, the apparatus including: a fluid housing configured to house an aqueous acid electrolyte; a working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte and configured to engage graphite particles located in the apparatus, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; a counter electrode separated from the working electrode and graphite particles; a potentiostat for creating a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode; and an agitation arrangement, which in use, agitates the graphite particles within the electrolyte. Currently amended
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein mechanical agitation or a flow constriction.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein body. Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric Previously presented
-22.. Canceled
Canceled
-35.. Canceled
Canceled the agitation arrangement comprises a Currently amended the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. the counter electrode comprises a conductive the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrochemical cell for graphene oxide production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphite particles
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | 30–700 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,584,650Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 provides (a) schematic drawing of a mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup according to one embodiment of the present invention; (b) perspective view of the same mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup. [34]
Figure 2 illustrates the large volume expansion of graphite flakes after electrochemical exfoliation with stirring in comparison, showing the graphite (a) before electrochemical exfoliation; (b) product of control experiment without stirring; and (c) product of experiment of present invention with …
Figure 3 provides a schematic diagram of the stages of intercalation of SO ions during electrochemical exfoliation. [36]
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Figure 5 provides a schematic comparison of representative structures of (a) chemically-oxidised graphene oxide; and (b) graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the present invention. [38]
Figure 6 provides a schematic drawing of the control graphene oxide electrochemical setup. [39]
Figure 7 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of an electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [40]
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 11 shows inventive EGO material dispersion in solvents: water, DMF, IPA, ethanol, THF, acetone, toluene, hexane after just sonicated, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. [44]
Figure 12 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of inventive EGO product with different graphite mass loading via the control "T cell" method. [45]
Figure 13 shows X-ray diffraction patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The samples were tested immediately after reaction without any treatment. [46]
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 16 shows X-ray data of chemically derived graphene oxide (C GO) and oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed with water several times until the pH value of the supernatant is close to 7, and then were dried at 5 0 overnight. …
Figure 17 shows TGA curve of C GO and inventive EGO samples at (a) different reaction period and (b) their respective weight loss at 300 C. [50]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of producing graphene oxide comprising: locating loose graphite particles within an electrochemical cell having a working electrode, counter electrode, and an aqueous acid electrolyte, the working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte to contact at least a portion of the graphite particles, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of s s acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; agitating the graphite particles within the electrolyte to create a graphite slurry vortex; and applying a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode, thereby resulting in electrochemical exfoliation and oxidation of the graphite particles to produce graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles are agitated within the electrolyte by at least one of mechanical agitation or flow constriction. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a shear force sufficient to assist in exfoliation of oxidised graphene layers. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a flow velocity in the electrolyte of at least 0.1 m/s. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has a pore size of <0.8 m. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the counter electrode comprises a conductive body. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte includes molecules and/or ions which facilitate the intercalation of graphite layers of the graphite particles. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles have an average particle size of from 10 p m to 25 mm. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles comprise graphite flakes. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode provides a current of at least 1 A therebetween. Previously presented
-8.. Canceled
Canceled
. Canceled
An apparatus for producing graphene oxide by electrochemical exfoliation of loose graphite particles, the apparatus including: a fluid housing configured to house an aqueous acid electrolyte; a working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte and configured to engage graphite particles located in the apparatus, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; a counter electrode separated from the working electrode and graphite particles; a potentiostat for creating a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode; and an agitation arrangement, which in use, agitates the graphite particles within the electrolyte. Currently amended
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein mechanical agitation or a flow constriction.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein body. Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric Previously presented
-22.. Canceled
Canceled
-35.. Canceled
Canceled the agitation arrangement comprises a Currently amended the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. the counter electrode comprises a conductive the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrochemical cell for graphene oxide production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphite particles
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | 30–700 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,584,650Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 provides (a) schematic drawing of a mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup according to one embodiment of the present invention; (b) perspective view of the same mechanically-assisted electrochemical setup. [34]
Figure 2 illustrates the large volume expansion of graphite flakes after electrochemical exfoliation with stirring in comparison, showing the graphite (a) before electrochemical exfoliation; (b) product of control experiment without stirring; and (c) product of experiment of present invention with …
Figure 3 provides a schematic diagram of the stages of intercalation of SO ions during electrochemical exfoliation. [36]
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Figure 5 provides a schematic comparison of representative structures of (a) chemically-oxidised graphene oxide; and (b) graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the present invention. [38]
Figure 6 provides a schematic drawing of the control graphene oxide electrochemical setup. [39]
Figure 7 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of an electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [40]
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 11 shows inventive EGO material dispersion in solvents: water, DMF, IPA, ethanol, THF, acetone, toluene, hexane after just sonicated, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. [44]
Figure 12 shows X-ray diffraction pattern of inventive EGO product with different graphite mass loading via the control "T cell" method. [45]
Figure 13 shows X-ray diffraction patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The samples were tested immediately after reaction without any treatment. [46]
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 16 shows X-ray data of chemically derived graphene oxide (C GO) and oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed with water several times until the pH value of the supernatant is close to 7, and then were dried at 5 0 overnight. …
Figure 17 shows TGA curve of C GO and inventive EGO samples at (a) different reaction period and (b) their respective weight loss at 300 C. [50]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of producing graphene oxide comprising: locating loose graphite particles within an electrochemical cell having a working electrode, counter electrode, and an aqueous acid electrolyte, the working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte to contact at least a portion of the graphite particles, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of s s acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; agitating the graphite particles within the electrolyte to create a graphite slurry vortex; and applying a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode, thereby resulting in electrochemical exfoliation and oxidation of the graphite particles to produce graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles are agitated within the electrolyte by at least one of mechanical agitation or flow constriction. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a shear force sufficient to assist in exfoliation of oxidised graphene layers. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein agitation of the graphite particles within the electrolyte creates a flow velocity in the electrolyte of at least 0.1 m/s. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has a pore size of <0.8 m. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the counter electrode comprises a conductive body. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte includes molecules and/or ions which facilitate the intercalation of graphite layers of the graphite particles. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles have an average particle size of from 10 p m to 25 mm. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the graphite particles comprise graphite flakes. Previously presented
The method according to claim 1, wherein the potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode provides a current of at least 1 A therebetween. Previously presented
-8.. Canceled
Canceled
. Canceled
An apparatus for producing graphene oxide by electrochemical exfoliation of loose graphite particles, the apparatus including: a fluid housing configured to house an aqueous acid electrolyte; a working electrode being positioned within the electrolyte and configured to engage graphite particles located in the apparatus, wherein the working electrode includes a conductive mesh, the electrochemical cell includes a graphite container comprising a glass cylindrical container, and the glass cylindrical container has a base formed from a piece of acid-resistant membrane with pore size of <1 pm to retain graphite and graphene oxide particles within the graphite container, the working electrode is placed inside the graphite container the graphite particles are located, and retained within the g raphite container, and separated from the counter electrode within the electrochemical cell; a counter electrode separated from the working electrode and graphite particles; a potentiostat for creating a potential difference between the working electrode and counter electrode; and an agitation arrangement, which in use, agitates the graphite particles within the electrolyte. Currently amended
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein mechanical agitation or a flow constriction.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein body. Previously presented
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein a group consisting of sulphuric acid, perchloric Previously presented
-22.. Canceled
Canceled
-35.. Canceled
Canceled the agitation arrangement comprises a Currently amended the conductive mesh comprises a metal mesh. the counter electrode comprises a conductive the aqueous acidic electrolyte is selected from acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrochemical cell for graphene oxide production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphite particles
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4 shows representative infrared spectroscopy results for a electrochemical graphene oxide (EGO) produced by the method of the present invention. [37]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | 30–700 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
aqueous acid electrolyte
sulphuric acid
H₂SO₄
perchloric acid
HClO₄
nitric acid
HNO₃
phosphoric acid
H₃PO₄
boric acid
H₃BO₃
platinum mesh
Pt
electrochemically derived graphene oxide
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
aqueous acid electrolyte
sulphuric acid
H₂SO₄
perchloric acid
HClO₄
nitric acid
HNO₃
phosphoric acid
H₃PO₄
boric acid
H₃BO₃
platinum mesh
Pt
electrochemically derived graphene oxide
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
aqueous acid electrolyte
sulphuric acid
H₂SO₄
perchloric acid
HClO₄
nitric acid
HNO₃
phosphoric acid
H₃PO₄
boric acid
H₃BO₃
platinum mesh
Pt
electrochemically derived graphene oxide
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.
aqueous acid electrolyte
sulphuric acid
H₂SO₄
perchloric acid
HClO₄
nitric acid
HNO₃
phosphoric acid
H₃PO₄
boric acid
H₃BO₃
platinum mesh
Pt
electrochemically derived graphene oxide
Figure 8 provides (a) TEM images of a typical inventive EGO sheet; (b) High-resolution TEM image showing edge of EGO sheet from (a); (c) Electron diffraction pattern taken from EGO sheet from (a); and (d) Diffracted intensity taken along the 1-210 to -2110 axis for patterns shown in (c). [41]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 9 provides (a) AFM image of several stacked inventive EGO sheets; (b) Histogram of top EGO sheet in (a); (c) AFM image of one monolayer EGO sheet; (d) Histogram of EGO sheet in (c); (e) Number fraction of thickness of EGO sheets; and (f) Mass fraction of thickness of EGO sheets. [42]
Figure 10 shows (a) XPS Survey spectra of inventive EGO produced by a mechanically-assisted electrochemical method according to one embodiment of the present invention at room temperature; (b) Carbon and oxygen content of EGO after heating at different temperatures; and (c) XPS C 1 s spectra of EGO …
Figure 14 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. The oxidised samples were immersed in water overnight without any sonication after anodic oxidation. [47]
Figure 15 shows XRD patterns of oxidized graphite from different charging period. After anodic oxidation, the oxidized samples were washed repeatedly with water until the pH is close to 7. [48]
Figure 18 shows ATR-FTIR spectra of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period and C GO. [51]
Figure 19 shows electrical conductivity of inventive EGO samples at different reaction period.