Patent
US 10,435,301GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING EACH OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS
Jung Sang SUH
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,435,301Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 0 is an image of 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of a graphene quantum dot produced in accordance with an example of the present application …
FIG. 2A and F I G. 2 8 are scanning electron microscope (S EM) images of a graphene quantu m dot produced in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 3 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantu m dot produced by controlling an injection rate of a carbon source in accordance with …
FIG. 4 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 5 is a photograph of carbon soots obtained by producing the graphene quantum dot using the tube having the 20 cm length for about two (2) minutes. It was …
FIG. 6 sho w s photoluminescence graphs when the 20 cm (the upper graph) and 5 cm (the lower graph) carbon tubes were used in the present Example. According to …
FIG. 7 8 are transmission electron m i crospore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of …
FIG. 8 C are transmission electron microspore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9A to FI G. 9C are transmission electron m icroscope images of graphene 23 quantum dots produced by using the 20 cm carbon tube. In
FIG. 10 is a 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis i m age for the produced graphene quantum dots, and according to the diffraction patterns, it was …
FIG. 11 is an absorption spectrum obtained from measuring ultraviolet-visible light absorbance of the graphene quantum dot produced by the above Example by …
FIG. 12 is a graph obtained from measuring photoluminescence of the produced graphene quantum dot. According to
FIG. 13. GQDs shown in (c) in F i G. 16 have rectangular shapes. They have been obtained from the water/cyclohexane solution. Their shape is relatively uniform …
FIG. 14). It i s called carbyne, which may have a nonpolar characteristic due to carbon triple bonds at edges. When a graphene sheet i s cut along a zigzag l i …
FIG. 15 is schematic diagram of a liquid-liquid extraction of three types of GQDs from carbon soot produced: four solutions (I-IV) are denoted as …
FIG. 16) the fast Fourier transfor m (FFT) pattern of a G Q D. G QDs were extracted from the carbon soot produced using the liquid-liquid extraction method. …
FIG. 17 is a low-resolution TEM images and size distribution histogram of armchair GQDs: the average size is about 13 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 18). GQDs shown in (b) of
FIG. 19 is a low-resolution T EM images and size distribution histogram of zigzag 6 GQ Ds: the average size is about 11 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 21 is AF M image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of armchair GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 22 is AFM image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of zigzag GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 23 sho w that the thickness of the G QDs is less than 1 nm, which is in good agreement with the reported value for single-layered graphene. The …
FIG. 24 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of armchair G Q D in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. [
FIG. 25 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of hybrid GQD in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. 0039] FIG, 26 is HR TEM …
FIG. 26. They sho w a hexagonal pattern without any satellite spots. [00128] X P S was performed to determine the composition of all the three k inds of G QD …
FIG. 27C are PL spectra of (a) zigzag (or polar hexagonal) (
FIG. 28C respectively. The UV-V is absorption spectra of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQD suspensions in ethanol are shown in
FIG. 29. i n general, the shapes of PL spectra of the hybrid 27 (or amphoter i c) GQD s appear to be the combination of the spectra of armchair (or nonpolar) …
FIG. 30 to F i G. 32), unlike a graphene quantum dots, the onion-type carbon material has a lattice pattern such as onion skins. [00 132] The above description …
FIG. 31B are high resolution TEM image and structure of onion-type carbon and low resolution TE M image of onion-type carbon in accordance with an example of …
FIG.32), zigzag ((b) of F IG.32), hybrid GQDs ((c) of F iG.32), and onion-type carbon ((d) of FI G.32) in accordance with an example of the present application …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An isolated graphene quantum dot prepared by a process comprising: obtaining carbon soot including one or more types of graphene quantum dots by gas phase collision reaction of carbon atoms using a thermal plasma jet; adding the carbon soot onto a polar solvent, followed by adding a nonpolar solvent onto the polar solvent, and then leaving the mixture to stand; and separating a layer of the polar solvent and a layer of the nonpolar solvent, and then isolating each of graphene quantum dots by removing the solvents from the respective layers, wherein the isolated graphene quantum dot comprises one of the following graphene quantum dots: a polar graphene quantum dot including a polar surface and a polar edge, the polar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; a nonpolar graphene quantum dot including a nonpolar surface and consisting of nonpolar edges, the nonpolar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; and an amphoteric graphene quantum dot including an amphoteric surface and edges including an amphoteric edge, the amphoteric graphene quantum dot having a rectangular shape, wherein each nonpolar edge of the nonpolar graphene quantum dot consists of one or more armchairs of a carbon-carbon triple bond. Previously presented
The isolated graphene quantum dot of Claim 1, wherein the surfaces or edges of the graphene quantum dots do not contain oxygen. Original
2-5. Canceled
Canceled
7-18. Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
Carbon soot containing different types of graphene quantum dots (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal, zigzag/polar hexagonal, hybrid/amphoteric rectangular) is produced by injecting a carbon source into a thermal plasma jet, forming a carbon atomic beam that undergoes gas-phase collision in a tube connected to an anode. The resulting carbon soot is subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using a mixture of polar solvent (water) and nonpolar solvent (cyclohexane) to separate and isolate the three types of GQDs. Four solutions are identified: cyclohexane/cyclohexane, cyclohexane/water, water/cyclohexane, and water/water. Average sizes: armchair GQDs ~13 nm, zigzag GQDs ~11 nm, hybrid GQDs ~53 nm. Isolated GQDs do not contain oxygen and exhibit photoluminescence.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Low- and high-resolution TEM images of armchair (nonpolar hexagonal), zigzag (polar hexagonal), and hybrid (amphoteric rectangular) GQDs; 2D FFT pattern of zigzag GQD; size distribution histograms
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average size of armchair GQDs | 13 nm | nonpolar graphene quantum dot (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of zigzag GQDs |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,435,301Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 0 is an image of 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of a graphene quantum dot produced in accordance with an example of the present application …
FIG. 2A and F I G. 2 8 are scanning electron microscope (S EM) images of a graphene quantu m dot produced in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 3 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantu m dot produced by controlling an injection rate of a carbon source in accordance with …
FIG. 4 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 5 is a photograph of carbon soots obtained by producing the graphene quantum dot using the tube having the 20 cm length for about two (2) minutes. It was …
FIG. 6 sho w s photoluminescence graphs when the 20 cm (the upper graph) and 5 cm (the lower graph) carbon tubes were used in the present Example. According to …
FIG. 7 8 are transmission electron m i crospore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of …
FIG. 8 C are transmission electron microspore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9A to FI G. 9C are transmission electron m icroscope images of graphene 23 quantum dots produced by using the 20 cm carbon tube. In
FIG. 10 is a 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis i m age for the produced graphene quantum dots, and according to the diffraction patterns, it was …
FIG. 11 is an absorption spectrum obtained from measuring ultraviolet-visible light absorbance of the graphene quantum dot produced by the above Example by …
FIG. 12 is a graph obtained from measuring photoluminescence of the produced graphene quantum dot. According to
FIG. 13. GQDs shown in (c) in F i G. 16 have rectangular shapes. They have been obtained from the water/cyclohexane solution. Their shape is relatively uniform …
FIG. 14). It i s called carbyne, which may have a nonpolar characteristic due to carbon triple bonds at edges. When a graphene sheet i s cut along a zigzag l i …
FIG. 15 is schematic diagram of a liquid-liquid extraction of three types of GQDs from carbon soot produced: four solutions (I-IV) are denoted as …
FIG. 16) the fast Fourier transfor m (FFT) pattern of a G Q D. G QDs were extracted from the carbon soot produced using the liquid-liquid extraction method. …
FIG. 17 is a low-resolution TEM images and size distribution histogram of armchair GQDs: the average size is about 13 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 18). GQDs shown in (b) of
FIG. 19 is a low-resolution T EM images and size distribution histogram of zigzag 6 GQ Ds: the average size is about 11 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 21 is AF M image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of armchair GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 22 is AFM image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of zigzag GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 23 sho w that the thickness of the G QDs is less than 1 nm, which is in good agreement with the reported value for single-layered graphene. The …
FIG. 24 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of armchair G Q D in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. [
FIG. 25 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of hybrid GQD in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. 0039] FIG, 26 is HR TEM …
FIG. 26. They sho w a hexagonal pattern without any satellite spots. [00128] X P S was performed to determine the composition of all the three k inds of G QD …
FIG. 27C are PL spectra of (a) zigzag (or polar hexagonal) (
FIG. 28C respectively. The UV-V is absorption spectra of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQD suspensions in ethanol are shown in
FIG. 29. i n general, the shapes of PL spectra of the hybrid 27 (or amphoter i c) GQD s appear to be the combination of the spectra of armchair (or nonpolar) …
FIG. 30 to F i G. 32), unlike a graphene quantum dots, the onion-type carbon material has a lattice pattern such as onion skins. [00 132] The above description …
FIG. 31B are high resolution TEM image and structure of onion-type carbon and low resolution TE M image of onion-type carbon in accordance with an example of …
FIG.32), zigzag ((b) of F IG.32), hybrid GQDs ((c) of F iG.32), and onion-type carbon ((d) of FI G.32) in accordance with an example of the present application …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An isolated graphene quantum dot prepared by a process comprising: obtaining carbon soot including one or more types of graphene quantum dots by gas phase collision reaction of carbon atoms using a thermal plasma jet; adding the carbon soot onto a polar solvent, followed by adding a nonpolar solvent onto the polar solvent, and then leaving the mixture to stand; and separating a layer of the polar solvent and a layer of the nonpolar solvent, and then isolating each of graphene quantum dots by removing the solvents from the respective layers, wherein the isolated graphene quantum dot comprises one of the following graphene quantum dots: a polar graphene quantum dot including a polar surface and a polar edge, the polar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; a nonpolar graphene quantum dot including a nonpolar surface and consisting of nonpolar edges, the nonpolar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; and an amphoteric graphene quantum dot including an amphoteric surface and edges including an amphoteric edge, the amphoteric graphene quantum dot having a rectangular shape, wherein each nonpolar edge of the nonpolar graphene quantum dot consists of one or more armchairs of a carbon-carbon triple bond. Previously presented
The isolated graphene quantum dot of Claim 1, wherein the surfaces or edges of the graphene quantum dots do not contain oxygen. Original
2-5. Canceled
Canceled
7-18. Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
Carbon soot containing different types of graphene quantum dots (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal, zigzag/polar hexagonal, hybrid/amphoteric rectangular) is produced by injecting a carbon source into a thermal plasma jet, forming a carbon atomic beam that undergoes gas-phase collision in a tube connected to an anode. The resulting carbon soot is subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using a mixture of polar solvent (water) and nonpolar solvent (cyclohexane) to separate and isolate the three types of GQDs. Four solutions are identified: cyclohexane/cyclohexane, cyclohexane/water, water/cyclohexane, and water/water. Average sizes: armchair GQDs ~13 nm, zigzag GQDs ~11 nm, hybrid GQDs ~53 nm. Isolated GQDs do not contain oxygen and exhibit photoluminescence.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Low- and high-resolution TEM images of armchair (nonpolar hexagonal), zigzag (polar hexagonal), and hybrid (amphoteric rectangular) GQDs; 2D FFT pattern of zigzag GQD; size distribution histograms
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average size of armchair GQDs | 13 nm | nonpolar graphene quantum dot (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of zigzag GQDs |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,435,301Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 0 is an image of 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of a graphene quantum dot produced in accordance with an example of the present application …
FIG. 2A and F I G. 2 8 are scanning electron microscope (S EM) images of a graphene quantu m dot produced in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 3 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantu m dot produced by controlling an injection rate of a carbon source in accordance with …
FIG. 4 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 5 is a photograph of carbon soots obtained by producing the graphene quantum dot using the tube having the 20 cm length for about two (2) minutes. It was …
FIG. 6 sho w s photoluminescence graphs when the 20 cm (the upper graph) and 5 cm (the lower graph) carbon tubes were used in the present Example. According to …
FIG. 7 8 are transmission electron m i crospore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of …
FIG. 8 C are transmission electron microspore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9A to FI G. 9C are transmission electron m icroscope images of graphene 23 quantum dots produced by using the 20 cm carbon tube. In
FIG. 10 is a 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis i m age for the produced graphene quantum dots, and according to the diffraction patterns, it was …
FIG. 11 is an absorption spectrum obtained from measuring ultraviolet-visible light absorbance of the graphene quantum dot produced by the above Example by …
FIG. 12 is a graph obtained from measuring photoluminescence of the produced graphene quantum dot. According to
FIG. 13. GQDs shown in (c) in F i G. 16 have rectangular shapes. They have been obtained from the water/cyclohexane solution. Their shape is relatively uniform …
FIG. 14). It i s called carbyne, which may have a nonpolar characteristic due to carbon triple bonds at edges. When a graphene sheet i s cut along a zigzag l i …
FIG. 15 is schematic diagram of a liquid-liquid extraction of three types of GQDs from carbon soot produced: four solutions (I-IV) are denoted as …
FIG. 16) the fast Fourier transfor m (FFT) pattern of a G Q D. G QDs were extracted from the carbon soot produced using the liquid-liquid extraction method. …
FIG. 17 is a low-resolution TEM images and size distribution histogram of armchair GQDs: the average size is about 13 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 18). GQDs shown in (b) of
FIG. 19 is a low-resolution T EM images and size distribution histogram of zigzag 6 GQ Ds: the average size is about 11 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 21 is AF M image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of armchair GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 22 is AFM image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of zigzag GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 23 sho w that the thickness of the G QDs is less than 1 nm, which is in good agreement with the reported value for single-layered graphene. The …
FIG. 24 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of armchair G Q D in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. [
FIG. 25 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of hybrid GQD in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. 0039] FIG, 26 is HR TEM …
FIG. 26. They sho w a hexagonal pattern without any satellite spots. [00128] X P S was performed to determine the composition of all the three k inds of G QD …
FIG. 27C are PL spectra of (a) zigzag (or polar hexagonal) (
FIG. 28C respectively. The UV-V is absorption spectra of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQD suspensions in ethanol are shown in
FIG. 29. i n general, the shapes of PL spectra of the hybrid 27 (or amphoter i c) GQD s appear to be the combination of the spectra of armchair (or nonpolar) …
FIG. 30 to F i G. 32), unlike a graphene quantum dots, the onion-type carbon material has a lattice pattern such as onion skins. [00 132] The above description …
FIG. 31B are high resolution TEM image and structure of onion-type carbon and low resolution TE M image of onion-type carbon in accordance with an example of …
FIG.32), zigzag ((b) of F IG.32), hybrid GQDs ((c) of F iG.32), and onion-type carbon ((d) of FI G.32) in accordance with an example of the present application …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An isolated graphene quantum dot prepared by a process comprising: obtaining carbon soot including one or more types of graphene quantum dots by gas phase collision reaction of carbon atoms using a thermal plasma jet; adding the carbon soot onto a polar solvent, followed by adding a nonpolar solvent onto the polar solvent, and then leaving the mixture to stand; and separating a layer of the polar solvent and a layer of the nonpolar solvent, and then isolating each of graphene quantum dots by removing the solvents from the respective layers, wherein the isolated graphene quantum dot comprises one of the following graphene quantum dots: a polar graphene quantum dot including a polar surface and a polar edge, the polar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; a nonpolar graphene quantum dot including a nonpolar surface and consisting of nonpolar edges, the nonpolar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; and an amphoteric graphene quantum dot including an amphoteric surface and edges including an amphoteric edge, the amphoteric graphene quantum dot having a rectangular shape, wherein each nonpolar edge of the nonpolar graphene quantum dot consists of one or more armchairs of a carbon-carbon triple bond. Previously presented
The isolated graphene quantum dot of Claim 1, wherein the surfaces or edges of the graphene quantum dots do not contain oxygen. Original
2-5. Canceled
Canceled
7-18. Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
Carbon soot containing different types of graphene quantum dots (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal, zigzag/polar hexagonal, hybrid/amphoteric rectangular) is produced by injecting a carbon source into a thermal plasma jet, forming a carbon atomic beam that undergoes gas-phase collision in a tube connected to an anode. The resulting carbon soot is subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using a mixture of polar solvent (water) and nonpolar solvent (cyclohexane) to separate and isolate the three types of GQDs. Four solutions are identified: cyclohexane/cyclohexane, cyclohexane/water, water/cyclohexane, and water/water. Average sizes: armchair GQDs ~13 nm, zigzag GQDs ~11 nm, hybrid GQDs ~53 nm. Isolated GQDs do not contain oxygen and exhibit photoluminescence.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Low- and high-resolution TEM images of armchair (nonpolar hexagonal), zigzag (polar hexagonal), and hybrid (amphoteric rectangular) GQDs; 2D FFT pattern of zigzag GQD; size distribution histograms
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average size of armchair GQDs | 13 nm | nonpolar graphene quantum dot (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of zigzag GQDs |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,435,301Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 0 is an image of 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of a graphene quantum dot produced in accordance with an example of the present application …
FIG. 2A and F I G. 2 8 are scanning electron microscope (S EM) images of a graphene quantu m dot produced in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 3 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantu m dot produced by controlling an injection rate of a carbon source in accordance with …
FIG. 4 B are transmission electron microscope images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 5 is a photograph of carbon soots obtained by producing the graphene quantum dot using the tube having the 20 cm length for about two (2) minutes. It was …
FIG. 6 sho w s photoluminescence graphs when the 20 cm (the upper graph) and 5 cm (the lower graph) carbon tubes were used in the present Example. According to …
FIG. 7 8 are transmission electron m i crospore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of …
FIG. 8 C are transmission electron microspore images of a graphene quantum dot produced by controlling a length of a tube in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9A to FI G. 9C are transmission electron m icroscope images of graphene 23 quantum dots produced by using the 20 cm carbon tube. In
FIG. 10 is a 2 D fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis i m age for the produced graphene quantum dots, and according to the diffraction patterns, it was …
FIG. 11 is an absorption spectrum obtained from measuring ultraviolet-visible light absorbance of the graphene quantum dot produced by the above Example by …
FIG. 12 is a graph obtained from measuring photoluminescence of the produced graphene quantum dot. According to
FIG. 13. GQDs shown in (c) in F i G. 16 have rectangular shapes. They have been obtained from the water/cyclohexane solution. Their shape is relatively uniform …
FIG. 14). It i s called carbyne, which may have a nonpolar characteristic due to carbon triple bonds at edges. When a graphene sheet i s cut along a zigzag l i …
FIG. 15 is schematic diagram of a liquid-liquid extraction of three types of GQDs from carbon soot produced: four solutions (I-IV) are denoted as …
FIG. 16) the fast Fourier transfor m (FFT) pattern of a G Q D. G QDs were extracted from the carbon soot produced using the liquid-liquid extraction method. …
FIG. 17 is a low-resolution TEM images and size distribution histogram of armchair GQDs: the average size is about 13 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 18). GQDs shown in (b) of
FIG. 19 is a low-resolution T EM images and size distribution histogram of zigzag 6 GQ Ds: the average size is about 11 nm in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 21 is AF M image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of armchair GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 22 is AFM image, height profile, and height distribution histogram of zigzag GQ Ds in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. …
FIG. 23 sho w that the thickness of the G QDs is less than 1 nm, which is in good agreement with the reported value for single-layered graphene. The …
FIG. 24 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of armchair G Q D in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. [
FIG. 25 is H RTEM image and the 2 D FFT pattern of hybrid GQD in accordance with an example of the present application disclosure. 0039] FIG, 26 is HR TEM …
FIG. 26. They sho w a hexagonal pattern without any satellite spots. [00128] X P S was performed to determine the composition of all the three k inds of G QD …
FIG. 27C are PL spectra of (a) zigzag (or polar hexagonal) (
FIG. 28C respectively. The UV-V is absorption spectra of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQD suspensions in ethanol are shown in
FIG. 29. i n general, the shapes of PL spectra of the hybrid 27 (or amphoter i c) GQD s appear to be the combination of the spectra of armchair (or nonpolar) …
FIG. 30 to F i G. 32), unlike a graphene quantum dots, the onion-type carbon material has a lattice pattern such as onion skins. [00 132] The above description …
FIG. 31B are high resolution TEM image and structure of onion-type carbon and low resolution TE M image of onion-type carbon in accordance with an example of …
FIG.32), zigzag ((b) of F IG.32), hybrid GQDs ((c) of F iG.32), and onion-type carbon ((d) of FI G.32) in accordance with an example of the present application …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An isolated graphene quantum dot prepared by a process comprising: obtaining carbon soot including one or more types of graphene quantum dots by gas phase collision reaction of carbon atoms using a thermal plasma jet; adding the carbon soot onto a polar solvent, followed by adding a nonpolar solvent onto the polar solvent, and then leaving the mixture to stand; and separating a layer of the polar solvent and a layer of the nonpolar solvent, and then isolating each of graphene quantum dots by removing the solvents from the respective layers, wherein the isolated graphene quantum dot comprises one of the following graphene quantum dots: a polar graphene quantum dot including a polar surface and a polar edge, the polar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; a nonpolar graphene quantum dot including a nonpolar surface and consisting of nonpolar edges, the nonpolar graphene quantum dot having a hexagonal shape; and an amphoteric graphene quantum dot including an amphoteric surface and edges including an amphoteric edge, the amphoteric graphene quantum dot having a rectangular shape, wherein each nonpolar edge of the nonpolar graphene quantum dot consists of one or more armchairs of a carbon-carbon triple bond. Previously presented
The isolated graphene quantum dot of Claim 1, wherein the surfaces or edges of the graphene quantum dots do not contain oxygen. Original
2-5. Canceled
Canceled
7-18. Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
Carbon soot containing different types of graphene quantum dots (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal, zigzag/polar hexagonal, hybrid/amphoteric rectangular) is produced by injecting a carbon source into a thermal plasma jet, forming a carbon atomic beam that undergoes gas-phase collision in a tube connected to an anode. The resulting carbon soot is subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using a mixture of polar solvent (water) and nonpolar solvent (cyclohexane) to separate and isolate the three types of GQDs. Four solutions are identified: cyclohexane/cyclohexane, cyclohexane/water, water/cyclohexane, and water/water. Average sizes: armchair GQDs ~13 nm, zigzag GQDs ~11 nm, hybrid GQDs ~53 nm. Isolated GQDs do not contain oxygen and exhibit photoluminescence.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Low- and high-resolution TEM images of armchair (nonpolar hexagonal), zigzag (polar hexagonal), and hybrid (amphoteric rectangular) GQDs; 2D FFT pattern of zigzag GQD; size distribution histograms
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average size of armchair GQDs | 13 nm | nonpolar graphene quantum dot (armchair/nonpolar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of zigzag GQDs |
SEM images of graphene quantum dot produced by thermal plasma method
AFM images, height profiles, and height distribution histograms of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQDs
Photoluminescence measured for graphene quantum dots produced by thermal plasma method
Ultraviolet-visible light absorbance measured for graphene quantum dots
2D fast Fourier transform analysis of graphene quantum dots to assess crystallinity
| 11 nm |
polar graphene quantum dot (zigzag/polar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of hybrid GQDs | 53 nm | amphoteric graphene quantum dot (hybrid/rectangular GQD) |
Thickness | 8–10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 20–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 30–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 mm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–70 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 70–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–30 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 10–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 15–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–5 mm | — |
SEM images of graphene quantum dot produced by thermal plasma method
AFM images, height profiles, and height distribution histograms of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQDs
Photoluminescence measured for graphene quantum dots produced by thermal plasma method
Ultraviolet-visible light absorbance measured for graphene quantum dots
2D fast Fourier transform analysis of graphene quantum dots to assess crystallinity
| 11 nm |
polar graphene quantum dot (zigzag/polar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of hybrid GQDs | 53 nm | amphoteric graphene quantum dot (hybrid/rectangular GQD) |
Thickness | 8–10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 20–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 30–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 mm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–70 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 70–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–30 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 10–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 15–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–5 mm | — |
SEM images of graphene quantum dot produced by thermal plasma method
AFM images, height profiles, and height distribution histograms of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQDs
Photoluminescence measured for graphene quantum dots produced by thermal plasma method
Ultraviolet-visible light absorbance measured for graphene quantum dots
2D fast Fourier transform analysis of graphene quantum dots to assess crystallinity
| 11 nm |
polar graphene quantum dot (zigzag/polar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of hybrid GQDs | 53 nm | amphoteric graphene quantum dot (hybrid/rectangular GQD) |
Thickness | 8–10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 20–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 30–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 mm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–70 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 70–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–30 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 10–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 15–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–5 mm | — |
SEM images of graphene quantum dot produced by thermal plasma method
AFM images, height profiles, and height distribution histograms of armchair, zigzag, and hybrid GQDs
Photoluminescence measured for graphene quantum dots produced by thermal plasma method
Ultraviolet-visible light absorbance measured for graphene quantum dots
2D fast Fourier transform analysis of graphene quantum dots to assess crystallinity
| 11 nm |
polar graphene quantum dot (zigzag/polar hexagonal GQD) |
average size of hybrid GQDs | 53 nm | amphoteric graphene quantum dot (hybrid/rectangular GQD) |
Thickness | 8–10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 20–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 30–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 mm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–70 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–50 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 cm | — |
Thickness | 5–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 30–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 70–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–30 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0–50 mm | — |
Thickness | 5–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 10–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 15–20 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–10 mm | — |
Thickness | 0–5 mm | — |