Patent
US 11,011,755HOLEY GRAPHENE FRAMEWORK COMPOSITES FOR ULTRA-HIGH RATE ENERGY STORAGE AND METHODS OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITES
Xiangfeng DUAN
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1- 9. Canceled
Canceled
An electrode structure comprising: (a) a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey g raphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite graphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (b) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene frameworkis about 6 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 10 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the holey graphene sheets have basal-plane nanopores of sizes up to about 100 nm. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass ratio of the non-holey g raphene sheets relative to the holey graphene sheets is up to about 1.5/1. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a specific surface area of the 3D composite graphene framework is about 50 square meters per gram or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, further comprising a current collector, wherein the 3D composite graphene framework is connected to the current collector. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
An energy storage device comprising: (a) a first electrode; (b) a second electrode; and (c) an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, (d) wherein at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode comprises a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey graphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite g raphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (e) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 6 mg per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode structure with 3D composite graphene framework
energy storage device with 3D composite graphene framework electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-holey graphene sheets
holey graphene sheets
electrochemically active material
ethylene carbonate
EC
dimethyl carbonate
DMC
sulfur
S
phosphorus
P
lithium cobalt oxide
lithium manganese oxide
lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide
lithium iron phosphate
LiFePO₄
lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide
lithium titanate
lithium peroxide
Li₂O₂
silicon
Si
tin
Sn
germanium
Ge
antimony
Sb
iron oxide
Fe₃O₄
niobia
Nb₂O₅
tin oxide
SnOx
holey graphene oxide sheets
graphene oxide sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Areal Capacity | 3.9 mAh cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Areal Current Density | 440 mA cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd Crystal Phase | orthorhombic (T-Nb₂O₅) | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd D Spacing | 0.39 nm | Nb₂O₅ |
Particle Size | — | Nb₂O₅ |
Thickness | 1–200 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–180 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–160 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–140 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–60 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–40 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 nm | — |
Temperature | 400–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 450–750 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 550–650 °C | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–4 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 50–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 50–180 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–120 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–2 hours | — |
Duration | 0–2 hours | — |
Thickness | 10–15 nm | — |
Voltage | 1.1–3 V | — |
Thickness | 15–20 nm | — |
Duration | ≥ 2 hours | — |
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1- 9. Canceled
Canceled
An electrode structure comprising: (a) a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey g raphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite graphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (b) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene frameworkis about 6 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 10 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the holey graphene sheets have basal-plane nanopores of sizes up to about 100 nm. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass ratio of the non-holey g raphene sheets relative to the holey graphene sheets is up to about 1.5/1. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a specific surface area of the 3D composite graphene framework is about 50 square meters per gram or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, further comprising a current collector, wherein the 3D composite graphene framework is connected to the current collector. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
An energy storage device comprising: (a) a first electrode; (b) a second electrode; and (c) an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, (d) wherein at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode comprises a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey graphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite g raphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (e) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 6 mg per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode structure with 3D composite graphene framework
energy storage device with 3D composite graphene framework electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-holey graphene sheets
holey graphene sheets
electrochemically active material
ethylene carbonate
EC
dimethyl carbonate
DMC
sulfur
S
phosphorus
P
lithium cobalt oxide
lithium manganese oxide
lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide
lithium iron phosphate
LiFePO₄
lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide
lithium titanate
lithium peroxide
Li₂O₂
silicon
Si
tin
Sn
germanium
Ge
antimony
Sb
iron oxide
Fe₃O₄
niobia
Nb₂O₅
tin oxide
SnOx
holey graphene oxide sheets
graphene oxide sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Areal Capacity | 3.9 mAh cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Areal Current Density | 440 mA cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd Crystal Phase | orthorhombic (T-Nb₂O₅) | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd D Spacing | 0.39 nm | Nb₂O₅ |
Particle Size | — | Nb₂O₅ |
Thickness | 1–200 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–180 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–160 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–140 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–60 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–40 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 nm | — |
Temperature | 400–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 450–750 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 550–650 °C | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–4 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 50–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 50–180 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–120 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–2 hours | — |
Duration | 0–2 hours | — |
Thickness | 10–15 nm | — |
Voltage | 1.1–3 V | — |
Thickness | 15–20 nm | — |
Duration | ≥ 2 hours | — |
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1- 9. Canceled
Canceled
An electrode structure comprising: (a) a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey g raphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite graphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (b) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene frameworkis about 6 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 10 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the holey graphene sheets have basal-plane nanopores of sizes up to about 100 nm. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass ratio of the non-holey g raphene sheets relative to the holey graphene sheets is up to about 1.5/1. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a specific surface area of the 3D composite graphene framework is about 50 square meters per gram or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, further comprising a current collector, wherein the 3D composite graphene framework is connected to the current collector. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
An energy storage device comprising: (a) a first electrode; (b) a second electrode; and (c) an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, (d) wherein at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode comprises a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey graphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite g raphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (e) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 6 mg per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode structure with 3D composite graphene framework
energy storage device with 3D composite graphene framework electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-holey graphene sheets
holey graphene sheets
electrochemically active material
ethylene carbonate
EC
dimethyl carbonate
DMC
sulfur
S
phosphorus
P
lithium cobalt oxide
lithium manganese oxide
lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide
lithium iron phosphate
LiFePO₄
lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide
lithium titanate
lithium peroxide
Li₂O₂
silicon
Si
tin
Sn
germanium
Ge
antimony
Sb
iron oxide
Fe₃O₄
niobia
Nb₂O₅
tin oxide
SnOx
holey graphene oxide sheets
graphene oxide sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Areal Capacity | 3.9 mAh cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Areal Current Density | 440 mA cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd Crystal Phase | orthorhombic (T-Nb₂O₅) | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd D Spacing | 0.39 nm | Nb₂O₅ |
Particle Size | — | Nb₂O₅ |
Thickness | 1–200 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–180 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–160 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–140 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–60 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–40 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 nm | — |
Temperature | 400–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 450–750 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 550–650 °C | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–4 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 50–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 50–180 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–120 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–2 hours | — |
Duration | 0–2 hours | — |
Thickness | 10–15 nm | — |
Voltage | 1.1–3 V | — |
Thickness | 15–20 nm | — |
Duration | ≥ 2 hours | — |
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1- 9. Canceled
Canceled
An electrode structure comprising: (a) a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey g raphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite graphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (b) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene frameworkis about 6 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 10 milligrams per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the holey graphene sheets have basal-plane nanopores of sizes up to about 100 nm. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a mass ratio of the non-holey g raphene sheets relative to the holey graphene sheets is up to about 1.5/1. Currently amended
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a specific surface area of the 3D composite graphene framework is about 50 square meters per gram or more. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, further comprising a current collector, wherein the 3D composite graphene framework is connected to the current collector. Previously presented
The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
An energy storage device comprising: (a) a first electrode; (b) a second electrode; and (c) an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, (d) wherein at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode comprises a three-dimensional (3 D) composite graphene framework comprising an interconnected porous network of both non-holey graphene sheets and holey graphene sheets, and macropores between the non-holey graphene sheets and the holey graphene sheets within the 3D composite g raphene framework, the macropores comprising sizes ranging from about 100 nanometers up to about 10 micrometers; and (e) an electrochemically active material loaded onto the 3D composite graphene framework. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material is selectively loaded onto the non-holey graphene sheets only. Currently amended
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein a mass loading of the electrochemically active material in the 3D composite graphene framework is about 6 mg per square centimeter or more. Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Previously presented
The energy storage device of claim 19, wherein the electrochemically active material includes nanostructures of an anode material or a cathode material. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode structure with 3D composite graphene framework
energy storage device with 3D composite graphene framework electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-holey graphene sheets
holey graphene sheets
electrochemically active material
ethylene carbonate
EC
dimethyl carbonate
DMC
sulfur
S
phosphorus
P
lithium cobalt oxide
lithium manganese oxide
lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide
lithium iron phosphate
LiFePO₄
lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide
lithium titanate
lithium peroxide
Li₂O₂
silicon
Si
tin
Sn
germanium
Ge
antimony
Sb
iron oxide
Fe₃O₄
niobia
Nb₂O₅
tin oxide
SnOx
holey graphene oxide sheets
graphene oxide sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Areal Capacity | 3.9 mAh cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Areal Current Density | 440 mA cm⁻² | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd Crystal Phase | orthorhombic (T-Nb₂O₅) | Nb₂O₅ |
Xrd D Spacing | 0.39 nm | Nb₂O₅ |
Particle Size | — | Nb₂O₅ |
Thickness | 1–200 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–180 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–160 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–140 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–60 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–40 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 nm | — |
Temperature | 400–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 450–750 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 550–650 °C | — |
Thickness | 1–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–4 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 50–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 50–180 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–120 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–2 hours | — |
Duration | 0–2 hours | — |
Thickness | 10–15 nm | — |
Voltage | 1.1–3 V | — |
Thickness | 15–20 nm | — |
Duration | ≥ 2 hours | — |