Patent
US 11,040,191Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,040,191Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a cross-section view of a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 schematically illustrates an apparatus for forming a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 3A to 3 C are cross-section views of the formation of a graphene device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4A illustrates an ophthalmic element comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4B is an underside view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4 C is a cross-section view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4D illustrates a processing step for forming the ophthalmic element of
Figures 5 A and 5 B are a cross-section views of a medical implant comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 5 C and 5 D are cross-section views showing steps in a method of forming the implant of
Figure 6A is a cross-section view of a medical patch comprising a graphene film according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 6B is a plan view of a graphene film and contact electrode according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 7A is a cross-section view of a wound treatment apparatus comprising the medical patch of
Figure 7B is a cross-section view of a medical patch having a wound dressing and contact electrode according to an example embodiment;
Figure 7 C illustrates a view of the medical patch of
Figure 8 is a timing diagram illustrating a voltage signal applied by the apparatus of
Figure 9 illustrates removal of the patch of
Figures 6 and 7 according to an example embodiment;
Figure 10 is a cross-section view of a transparent wound dressing according to an example embodiment; and
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Figure 3B illustrates an operation in which the polymer support is deposited covering the graphene film 100. In the example of
Figure 3 C illustrates a subsequent operation in which the substrate 204 is removed, for example by an etching step or by delaminating the graphene film 100 from the substrate 204. For example, the etching step involves removing the polymer coating covering the substrate 204, for example using a …
Figures 4 to 6.
Figure 5 D has its point aligned with an axis 506 of the shaft of the needle, although in alternative embodiments the point coupled be offset with respect to this axis. The implant for example has a length of between a few millimeters and up to several tens of centimeters, depending on the …
Figure 5 B is a cross-section view taken along a line C-C of
Figure 7 of the US patent 7,945,302, and the teaching described in this document could be applied to the medical patch described herein to provide such an image. The contents of US 7,945, 302 is hereby incorporated by reference to the extent permitted by the law. Advantageously, at least part of …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of forming a medical device, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; providing an adhesive band covering the polymer support and holding the graphene film in contact with a body of an animal or human; and electrically coupling a wire contact to the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material comprises a polymer from the n-xylylene family. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the substrate from the graphene film is performed by a process of electrochemical delamination. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein electrically coupling the wire contact to the graphene film comprises, prior to depositing the polymer material, forming the wire contact on the surface of the graphene film, wherein depositing the polymer material comprises coating the wire contact with the polymer material. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, further comprising forming a conductive electrode patch of the conductive medical patch and a current supply circuit, the current supply circuit being adapted to apply a current between the graphene film and the conductive electrode patch, wherein the adhesive band is also suitable for holding the conductive electrode patch in contact with the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive medical patch is a transparent hydrocolloidal dressing, the graphene film forming an external surface for contact with a wound, and the polymer material being a porous layer positioned between the graphene film and a pad formed of a hydrocolloid. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material is deposited over the graphene film in a layer of between 5 and 40 nm in thickness. Previously presented
Canceled
A method for forming an ophthalmic element, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed has a curved surface having a shape compatible with the surface of an eye. Previously presented
The method of claim 8, wherein a surface of the substrate on which the graphene film is formed comprises a pattern of first and second materials, the first material and not the second material supporting graphene formation, the method comprising selectively forming said graphene film over said first material and not over said second material. Original
A method for forming an implant, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed is a mold having an inner surface having the form of the implant, and wherein after the graphene film has been deposited on the inner surface of the mold, the mold is filled by the polymer material to form a polymer core of the implant that supports the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 10, wherein a portion of said mold is not removed such that it remains in contact with the graphene film and forms an electrode of the implant. Previously presented
13-20. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
conductive medical patch
transparent hydrocolloidal dressing
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene film
polymer material (n-xylylene family)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 5–40 nm | — |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,040,191Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a cross-section view of a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 schematically illustrates an apparatus for forming a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 3A to 3 C are cross-section views of the formation of a graphene device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4A illustrates an ophthalmic element comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4B is an underside view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4 C is a cross-section view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4D illustrates a processing step for forming the ophthalmic element of
Figures 5 A and 5 B are a cross-section views of a medical implant comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 5 C and 5 D are cross-section views showing steps in a method of forming the implant of
Figure 6A is a cross-section view of a medical patch comprising a graphene film according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 6B is a plan view of a graphene film and contact electrode according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 7A is a cross-section view of a wound treatment apparatus comprising the medical patch of
Figure 7B is a cross-section view of a medical patch having a wound dressing and contact electrode according to an example embodiment;
Figure 7 C illustrates a view of the medical patch of
Figure 8 is a timing diagram illustrating a voltage signal applied by the apparatus of
Figure 9 illustrates removal of the patch of
Figures 6 and 7 according to an example embodiment;
Figure 10 is a cross-section view of a transparent wound dressing according to an example embodiment; and
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Figure 3B illustrates an operation in which the polymer support is deposited covering the graphene film 100. In the example of
Figure 3 C illustrates a subsequent operation in which the substrate 204 is removed, for example by an etching step or by delaminating the graphene film 100 from the substrate 204. For example, the etching step involves removing the polymer coating covering the substrate 204, for example using a …
Figures 4 to 6.
Figure 5 D has its point aligned with an axis 506 of the shaft of the needle, although in alternative embodiments the point coupled be offset with respect to this axis. The implant for example has a length of between a few millimeters and up to several tens of centimeters, depending on the …
Figure 5 B is a cross-section view taken along a line C-C of
Figure 7 of the US patent 7,945,302, and the teaching described in this document could be applied to the medical patch described herein to provide such an image. The contents of US 7,945, 302 is hereby incorporated by reference to the extent permitted by the law. Advantageously, at least part of …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of forming a medical device, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; providing an adhesive band covering the polymer support and holding the graphene film in contact with a body of an animal or human; and electrically coupling a wire contact to the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material comprises a polymer from the n-xylylene family. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the substrate from the graphene film is performed by a process of electrochemical delamination. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein electrically coupling the wire contact to the graphene film comprises, prior to depositing the polymer material, forming the wire contact on the surface of the graphene film, wherein depositing the polymer material comprises coating the wire contact with the polymer material. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, further comprising forming a conductive electrode patch of the conductive medical patch and a current supply circuit, the current supply circuit being adapted to apply a current between the graphene film and the conductive electrode patch, wherein the adhesive band is also suitable for holding the conductive electrode patch in contact with the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive medical patch is a transparent hydrocolloidal dressing, the graphene film forming an external surface for contact with a wound, and the polymer material being a porous layer positioned between the graphene film and a pad formed of a hydrocolloid. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material is deposited over the graphene film in a layer of between 5 and 40 nm in thickness. Previously presented
Canceled
A method for forming an ophthalmic element, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed has a curved surface having a shape compatible with the surface of an eye. Previously presented
The method of claim 8, wherein a surface of the substrate on which the graphene film is formed comprises a pattern of first and second materials, the first material and not the second material supporting graphene formation, the method comprising selectively forming said graphene film over said first material and not over said second material. Original
A method for forming an implant, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed is a mold having an inner surface having the form of the implant, and wherein after the graphene film has been deposited on the inner surface of the mold, the mold is filled by the polymer material to form a polymer core of the implant that supports the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 10, wherein a portion of said mold is not removed such that it remains in contact with the graphene film and forms an electrode of the implant. Previously presented
13-20. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
conductive medical patch
transparent hydrocolloidal dressing
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene film
polymer material (n-xylylene family)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 5–40 nm | — |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,040,191Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a cross-section view of a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 schematically illustrates an apparatus for forming a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 3A to 3 C are cross-section views of the formation of a graphene device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4A illustrates an ophthalmic element comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4B is an underside view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4 C is a cross-section view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4D illustrates a processing step for forming the ophthalmic element of
Figures 5 A and 5 B are a cross-section views of a medical implant comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 5 C and 5 D are cross-section views showing steps in a method of forming the implant of
Figure 6A is a cross-section view of a medical patch comprising a graphene film according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 6B is a plan view of a graphene film and contact electrode according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 7A is a cross-section view of a wound treatment apparatus comprising the medical patch of
Figure 7B is a cross-section view of a medical patch having a wound dressing and contact electrode according to an example embodiment;
Figure 7 C illustrates a view of the medical patch of
Figure 8 is a timing diagram illustrating a voltage signal applied by the apparatus of
Figure 9 illustrates removal of the patch of
Figures 6 and 7 according to an example embodiment;
Figure 10 is a cross-section view of a transparent wound dressing according to an example embodiment; and
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Figure 3B illustrates an operation in which the polymer support is deposited covering the graphene film 100. In the example of
Figure 3 C illustrates a subsequent operation in which the substrate 204 is removed, for example by an etching step or by delaminating the graphene film 100 from the substrate 204. For example, the etching step involves removing the polymer coating covering the substrate 204, for example using a …
Figures 4 to 6.
Figure 5 D has its point aligned with an axis 506 of the shaft of the needle, although in alternative embodiments the point coupled be offset with respect to this axis. The implant for example has a length of between a few millimeters and up to several tens of centimeters, depending on the …
Figure 5 B is a cross-section view taken along a line C-C of
Figure 7 of the US patent 7,945,302, and the teaching described in this document could be applied to the medical patch described herein to provide such an image. The contents of US 7,945, 302 is hereby incorporated by reference to the extent permitted by the law. Advantageously, at least part of …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of forming a medical device, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; providing an adhesive band covering the polymer support and holding the graphene film in contact with a body of an animal or human; and electrically coupling a wire contact to the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material comprises a polymer from the n-xylylene family. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the substrate from the graphene film is performed by a process of electrochemical delamination. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein electrically coupling the wire contact to the graphene film comprises, prior to depositing the polymer material, forming the wire contact on the surface of the graphene film, wherein depositing the polymer material comprises coating the wire contact with the polymer material. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, further comprising forming a conductive electrode patch of the conductive medical patch and a current supply circuit, the current supply circuit being adapted to apply a current between the graphene film and the conductive electrode patch, wherein the adhesive band is also suitable for holding the conductive electrode patch in contact with the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive medical patch is a transparent hydrocolloidal dressing, the graphene film forming an external surface for contact with a wound, and the polymer material being a porous layer positioned between the graphene film and a pad formed of a hydrocolloid. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material is deposited over the graphene film in a layer of between 5 and 40 nm in thickness. Previously presented
Canceled
A method for forming an ophthalmic element, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed has a curved surface having a shape compatible with the surface of an eye. Previously presented
The method of claim 8, wherein a surface of the substrate on which the graphene film is formed comprises a pattern of first and second materials, the first material and not the second material supporting graphene formation, the method comprising selectively forming said graphene film over said first material and not over said second material. Original
A method for forming an implant, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed is a mold having an inner surface having the form of the implant, and wherein after the graphene film has been deposited on the inner surface of the mold, the mold is filled by the polymer material to form a polymer core of the implant that supports the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 10, wherein a portion of said mold is not removed such that it remains in contact with the graphene film and forms an electrode of the implant. Previously presented
13-20. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
conductive medical patch
transparent hydrocolloidal dressing
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene film
polymer material (n-xylylene family)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 5–40 nm | — |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,040,191Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a cross-section view of a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 2 schematically illustrates an apparatus for forming a graphene device according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 3A to 3 C are cross-section views of the formation of a graphene device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4A illustrates an ophthalmic element comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 4B is an underside view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4 C is a cross-section view of the ophthalmic element of
Figure 4D illustrates a processing step for forming the ophthalmic element of
Figures 5 A and 5 B are a cross-section views of a medical implant comprising graphene according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figures 5 C and 5 D are cross-section views showing steps in a method of forming the implant of
Figure 6A is a cross-section view of a medical patch comprising a graphene film according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 6B is a plan view of a graphene film and contact electrode according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;
Figure 7A is a cross-section view of a wound treatment apparatus comprising the medical patch of
Figure 7B is a cross-section view of a medical patch having a wound dressing and contact electrode according to an example embodiment;
Figure 7 C illustrates a view of the medical patch of
Figure 8 is a timing diagram illustrating a voltage signal applied by the apparatus of
Figure 9 illustrates removal of the patch of
Figures 6 and 7 according to an example embodiment;
Figure 10 is a cross-section view of a transparent wound dressing according to an example embodiment; and
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Figure 3B illustrates an operation in which the polymer support is deposited covering the graphene film 100. In the example of
Figure 3 C illustrates a subsequent operation in which the substrate 204 is removed, for example by an etching step or by delaminating the graphene film 100 from the substrate 204. For example, the etching step involves removing the polymer coating covering the substrate 204, for example using a …
Figures 4 to 6.
Figure 5 D has its point aligned with an axis 506 of the shaft of the needle, although in alternative embodiments the point coupled be offset with respect to this axis. The implant for example has a length of between a few millimeters and up to several tens of centimeters, depending on the …
Figure 5 B is a cross-section view taken along a line C-C of
Figure 7 of the US patent 7,945,302, and the teaching described in this document could be applied to the medical patch described herein to provide such an image. The contents of US 7,945, 302 is hereby incorporated by reference to the extent permitted by the law. Advantageously, at least part of …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of forming a medical device, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; providing an adhesive band covering the polymer support and holding the graphene film in contact with a body of an animal or human; and electrically coupling a wire contact to the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material comprises a polymer from the n-xylylene family. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the substrate from the graphene film is performed by a process of electrochemical delamination. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein electrically coupling the wire contact to the graphene film comprises, prior to depositing the polymer material, forming the wire contact on the surface of the graphene film, wherein depositing the polymer material comprises coating the wire contact with the polymer material. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, further comprising forming a conductive electrode patch of the conductive medical patch and a current supply circuit, the current supply circuit being adapted to apply a current between the graphene film and the conductive electrode patch, wherein the adhesive band is also suitable for holding the conductive electrode patch in contact with the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive medical patch is a transparent hydrocolloidal dressing, the graphene film forming an external surface for contact with a wound, and the polymer material being a porous layer positioned between the graphene film and a pad formed of a hydrocolloid. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer material is deposited over the graphene film in a layer of between 5 and 40 nm in thickness. Previously presented
Canceled
A method for forming an ophthalmic element, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed has a curved surface having a shape compatible with the surface of an eye. Previously presented
The method of claim 8, wherein a surface of the substrate on which the graphene film is formed comprises a pattern of first and second materials, the first material and not the second material supporting graphene formation, the method comprising selectively forming said graphene film over said first material and not over said second material. Original
A method for forming an implant, the method comprising: forming a graphene film over a substrate; depositing, by gas phase deposition, a polymer material covering a surface of the graphene film; and removing the substrate from the graphene film, wherein the polymer material forms a support for the graphene film; wherein the substrate on which the graphene film is formed is a mold having an inner surface having the form of the implant, and wherein after the graphene film has been deposited on the inner surface of the mold, the mold is filled by the polymer material to form a polymer core of the implant that supports the graphene film. Previously presented
The method of claim 10, wherein a portion of said mold is not removed such that it remains in contact with the graphene film and forms an electrode of the implant. Previously presented
13-20. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
conductive medical patch
transparent hydrocolloidal dressing
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene film
polymer material (n-xylylene family)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 11 is a cross-section view of a hydrocolloidal dressing according to an example embodiment. For ease of illustration, the various figures are not drawn to scale. DETAITFn DESCRIPTION Graphene is a substance composed of carbon atoms forming a crystal lattice one atom in thickness. Various …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 5–40 nm | — |
implant
parylene
hydrocolloid
hyaluronic acid
implant
parylene
hydrocolloid
hyaluronic acid
implant
parylene
hydrocolloid
hyaluronic acid
implant
parylene
hydrocolloid
hyaluronic acid
