Patent
US 10,876,136Method of Producing Electrically Active Bacteria Reduced Graphene Oxide and Electrically Active Bacteria Reduced Graphene Oxide
Shafeer KALATHIL
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,876,136Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of Geobacter sulfurreducens with nano-filaments according to an embodiment;
Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of a typical structure of outer- membrane c-type cytochromes (OM c- C yts) of Geobacter sulfurreducens ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a method of producing reduced graphene oxide a cc ording to an embodiment;
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a possible mechanism for producing reduced graphene oxide using electrically active bacteria;
Figures 7A and 7B are images a solution of graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens when they are first combined and after a time period of incubation, respectively, according to an embodiment;
Figure 7 C is a graph of the Raman spectra for graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 8A and 8B respectively illustrate chronoamperometry (C A) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) profiles of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide (a) and hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide (HrGO; b) ac c ording to an embodiment; and
Figures 9A-9D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide prior to chronoamperometry analysis a c cording to an embodiment;
Figures 10A-10 D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide after chronoamperometry analysis according to an embodiment;
Figures 11A-11 D are elemental analysis (EDS) of
Figure 12 is a graph of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) before and after o SVG 15626584.07-06-2017.J₄SY₆T₇₄RXEAPX5.SPEC.5.8.736.905.757.931.svg 0.087 0.07 Chemistry Black and white o hronoamperometry analysis a oo ording to an embodiment.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(withdrawn, currently amended) A method of producing the reduced graphene oxide of claim 16, the method comprising: adding graphene oxide to a container; and adding Geobacter su lfu rreducens to the container, wherein reduced graphene oxide is produced a period of time after both the graphene oxide and the Geobacter sul fu rreducens are added to the container, by an interaction of the Geobacter su lfu rreducens and the graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, further comprising: adding electrically active bacteria growth media to the container. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulfurreducens comprises a strain selected from the group consisting of KN₄₀₀ and Pili mutant of KN400. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene is produced at ambient conditions during the period of time. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulf urreducens and the reduced graphene include both metal and non- metal elements. Currently amended
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein elemental doping o f reduced graphene oxide occurs simultaneously with the production of the reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene oxide is produced without toxic precursors. Withdrawn
Claims 12-15. cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
ATh e composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the electrically active bacteria are Geobacter sulfurreducens. Currently amended
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein the composition of matter is doped with both metal and non-metal elements. New
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein portions of the composition of matter are amorphous. New
23 The composition of matter of claim 16, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens strain, KN400, or Pili mutant of KN 100. New
A composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the composition of matter includes iron oxide and sulfur nanoparticles. Currently amended
24 The composition of matter of claim 17, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens. New
Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
Geobacter sulfurreducens
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | ≤ 20 °C | — |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,876,136Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of Geobacter sulfurreducens with nano-filaments according to an embodiment;
Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of a typical structure of outer- membrane c-type cytochromes (OM c- C yts) of Geobacter sulfurreducens ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a method of producing reduced graphene oxide a cc ording to an embodiment;
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a possible mechanism for producing reduced graphene oxide using electrically active bacteria;
Figures 7A and 7B are images a solution of graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens when they are first combined and after a time period of incubation, respectively, according to an embodiment;
Figure 7 C is a graph of the Raman spectra for graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 8A and 8B respectively illustrate chronoamperometry (C A) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) profiles of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide (a) and hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide (HrGO; b) ac c ording to an embodiment; and
Figures 9A-9D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide prior to chronoamperometry analysis a c cording to an embodiment;
Figures 10A-10 D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide after chronoamperometry analysis according to an embodiment;
Figures 11A-11 D are elemental analysis (EDS) of
Figure 12 is a graph of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) before and after o SVG 15626584.07-06-2017.J₄SY₆T₇₄RXEAPX5.SPEC.5.8.736.905.757.931.svg 0.087 0.07 Chemistry Black and white o hronoamperometry analysis a oo ording to an embodiment.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(withdrawn, currently amended) A method of producing the reduced graphene oxide of claim 16, the method comprising: adding graphene oxide to a container; and adding Geobacter su lfu rreducens to the container, wherein reduced graphene oxide is produced a period of time after both the graphene oxide and the Geobacter sul fu rreducens are added to the container, by an interaction of the Geobacter su lfu rreducens and the graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, further comprising: adding electrically active bacteria growth media to the container. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulfurreducens comprises a strain selected from the group consisting of KN₄₀₀ and Pili mutant of KN400. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene is produced at ambient conditions during the period of time. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulf urreducens and the reduced graphene include both metal and non- metal elements. Currently amended
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein elemental doping o f reduced graphene oxide occurs simultaneously with the production of the reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene oxide is produced without toxic precursors. Withdrawn
Claims 12-15. cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
ATh e composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the electrically active bacteria are Geobacter sulfurreducens. Currently amended
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein the composition of matter is doped with both metal and non-metal elements. New
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein portions of the composition of matter are amorphous. New
23 The composition of matter of claim 16, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens strain, KN400, or Pili mutant of KN 100. New
A composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the composition of matter includes iron oxide and sulfur nanoparticles. Currently amended
24 The composition of matter of claim 17, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens. New
Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
Geobacter sulfurreducens
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | ≤ 20 °C | — |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,876,136Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of Geobacter sulfurreducens with nano-filaments according to an embodiment;
Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of a typical structure of outer- membrane c-type cytochromes (OM c- C yts) of Geobacter sulfurreducens ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a method of producing reduced graphene oxide a cc ording to an embodiment;
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a possible mechanism for producing reduced graphene oxide using electrically active bacteria;
Figures 7A and 7B are images a solution of graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens when they are first combined and after a time period of incubation, respectively, according to an embodiment;
Figure 7 C is a graph of the Raman spectra for graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 8A and 8B respectively illustrate chronoamperometry (C A) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) profiles of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide (a) and hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide (HrGO; b) ac c ording to an embodiment; and
Figures 9A-9D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide prior to chronoamperometry analysis a c cording to an embodiment;
Figures 10A-10 D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide after chronoamperometry analysis according to an embodiment;
Figures 11A-11 D are elemental analysis (EDS) of
Figure 12 is a graph of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) before and after o SVG 15626584.07-06-2017.J₄SY₆T₇₄RXEAPX5.SPEC.5.8.736.905.757.931.svg 0.087 0.07 Chemistry Black and white o hronoamperometry analysis a oo ording to an embodiment.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(withdrawn, currently amended) A method of producing the reduced graphene oxide of claim 16, the method comprising: adding graphene oxide to a container; and adding Geobacter su lfu rreducens to the container, wherein reduced graphene oxide is produced a period of time after both the graphene oxide and the Geobacter sul fu rreducens are added to the container, by an interaction of the Geobacter su lfu rreducens and the graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, further comprising: adding electrically active bacteria growth media to the container. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulfurreducens comprises a strain selected from the group consisting of KN₄₀₀ and Pili mutant of KN400. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene is produced at ambient conditions during the period of time. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulf urreducens and the reduced graphene include both metal and non- metal elements. Currently amended
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein elemental doping o f reduced graphene oxide occurs simultaneously with the production of the reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene oxide is produced without toxic precursors. Withdrawn
Claims 12-15. cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
ATh e composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the electrically active bacteria are Geobacter sulfurreducens. Currently amended
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein the composition of matter is doped with both metal and non-metal elements. New
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein portions of the composition of matter are amorphous. New
23 The composition of matter of claim 16, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens strain, KN400, or Pili mutant of KN 100. New
A composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the composition of matter includes iron oxide and sulfur nanoparticles. Currently amended
24 The composition of matter of claim 17, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens. New
Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
Geobacter sulfurreducens
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | ≤ 20 °C | — |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,876,136Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of Geobacter sulfurreducens with nano-filaments according to an embodiment;
Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of a typical structure of outer- membrane c-type cytochromes (OM c- C yts) of Geobacter sulfurreducens ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for producing reduced graphene oxide ac c ording to an embodiment;
Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a method of producing reduced graphene oxide a cc ording to an embodiment;
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a possible mechanism for producing reduced graphene oxide using electrically active bacteria;
Figures 7A and 7B are images a solution of graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens when they are first combined and after a time period of incubation, respectively, according to an embodiment;
Figure 7 C is a graph of the Raman spectra for graphene oxide and Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide according to an embodiment;
Figures 8A and 8B respectively illustrate chronoamperometry (C A) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) profiles of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide (a) and hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide (HrGO; b) ac c ording to an embodiment; and
Figures 9A-9D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide prior to chronoamperometry analysis a c cording to an embodiment;
Figures 10A-10 D are images of Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced graphene oxide after chronoamperometry analysis according to an embodiment;
Figures 11A-11 D are elemental analysis (EDS) of
Figure 12 is a graph of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) before and after o SVG 15626584.07-06-2017.J₄SY₆T₇₄RXEAPX5.SPEC.5.8.736.905.757.931.svg 0.087 0.07 Chemistry Black and white o hronoamperometry analysis a oo ording to an embodiment.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(withdrawn, currently amended) A method of producing the reduced graphene oxide of claim 16, the method comprising: adding graphene oxide to a container; and adding Geobacter su lfu rreducens to the container, wherein reduced graphene oxide is produced a period of time after both the graphene oxide and the Geobacter sul fu rreducens are added to the container, by an interaction of the Geobacter su lfu rreducens and the graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, further comprising: adding electrically active bacteria growth media to the container. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulfurreducens comprises a strain selected from the group consisting of KN₄₀₀ and Pili mutant of KN400. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene is produced at ambient conditions during the period of time. Withdrawn
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein the Geobacter sulf urreducens and the reduced graphene include both metal and non- metal elements. Currently amended
(withdrawn, currently amended) The method of claim 1, wherein elemental doping o f reduced graphene oxide occurs simultaneously with the production of the reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene oxide is produced without toxic precursors. Withdrawn
Claims 12-15. cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
ATh e composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the electrically active bacteria are Geobacter sulfurreducens. Currently amended
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein the composition of matter is doped with both metal and non-metal elements. New
The composition of matter of claim 16, wherein portions of the composition of matter are amorphous. New
23 The composition of matter of claim 16, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens strain, KN400, or Pili mutant of KN 100. New
A composition of matter, comprising: reduced graphene oxide; and electrically active bacteria, wherein the composition of matter includes iron oxide and sulfur nanoparticles. Currently amended
24 The composition of matter of claim 17, comprising Geobacter su ifu rreducens. New
Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
Geobacter sulfurreducens
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Temperature | ≤ 20 °C | — |
reduced graphene oxide
iron oxide nanoparticles
sulfur nanoparticles
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reduced graphene oxide
iron oxide nanoparticles
sulfur nanoparticles
S
acetate
fumarate
reduced graphene oxide
iron oxide nanoparticles
sulfur nanoparticles
S
acetate
fumarate
reduced graphene oxide
iron oxide nanoparticles
sulfur nanoparticles
S
acetate
fumarate