Patent
US 9,567,224METHODS FOR PERFORATING GRAPHENE USING AN ACTIVATED GAS STREAM AND PERFORATED GRAPHENE PRODUCED THEREFROM
Peter V. Bedworth
US
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Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,567,224Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for perforating graphene, comprising: exposing a stream of gas to an atmospheric pressure plasma to generate an activated gas stream downstream of, and separated from, the atmospheric pressure plasma, the stream of gas having a concentration of active gas and the active gas being selected from one of oxygen, nitrogen or combinations thereof, directing said activated gas stream separated from said atmospheric pressure plasma toward a graphene sheet; and perforating said graphene sheet with said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: controlling application of said activated gas stream to said graphene sheet to obtain desired aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size of less than 5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -3- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining a desired aperture size of less than 1.5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining desired range of aperture sizes ranging from about 0.5 nm to about 1.5 nm in size.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a stand off distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graph n e sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1 further comprising: adjusting an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream so as to obtain a d sired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -4- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet by adjusting at least one of the following: an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet; a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet; a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet; and an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1 1, wherein the plasma power is from 40 to 400 W/in 2.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is oxygen.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is nitrogen. -5- 4841-4801-5416 1
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite sheet of graphene and metallic substrate
composite sheet of perforated graphene and polymeric substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
C
oxygen
O₂
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Duration | 0.1–120 seconds |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,567,224Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for perforating graphene, comprising: exposing a stream of gas to an atmospheric pressure plasma to generate an activated gas stream downstream of, and separated from, the atmospheric pressure plasma, the stream of gas having a concentration of active gas and the active gas being selected from one of oxygen, nitrogen or combinations thereof, directing said activated gas stream separated from said atmospheric pressure plasma toward a graphene sheet; and perforating said graphene sheet with said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: controlling application of said activated gas stream to said graphene sheet to obtain desired aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size of less than 5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -3- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining a desired aperture size of less than 1.5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining desired range of aperture sizes ranging from about 0.5 nm to about 1.5 nm in size.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a stand off distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graph n e sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1 further comprising: adjusting an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream so as to obtain a d sired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -4- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet by adjusting at least one of the following: an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet; a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet; a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet; and an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1 1, wherein the plasma power is from 40 to 400 W/in 2.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is oxygen.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is nitrogen. -5- 4841-4801-5416 1
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite sheet of graphene and metallic substrate
composite sheet of perforated graphene and polymeric substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
C
oxygen
O₂
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Duration | 0.1–120 seconds |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,567,224Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for perforating graphene, comprising: exposing a stream of gas to an atmospheric pressure plasma to generate an activated gas stream downstream of, and separated from, the atmospheric pressure plasma, the stream of gas having a concentration of active gas and the active gas being selected from one of oxygen, nitrogen or combinations thereof, directing said activated gas stream separated from said atmospheric pressure plasma toward a graphene sheet; and perforating said graphene sheet with said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: controlling application of said activated gas stream to said graphene sheet to obtain desired aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size of less than 5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -3- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining a desired aperture size of less than 1.5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining desired range of aperture sizes ranging from about 0.5 nm to about 1.5 nm in size.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a stand off distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graph n e sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1 further comprising: adjusting an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream so as to obtain a d sired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -4- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet by adjusting at least one of the following: an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet; a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet; a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet; and an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1 1, wherein the plasma power is from 40 to 400 W/in 2.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is oxygen.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is nitrogen. -5- 4841-4801-5416 1
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite sheet of graphene and metallic substrate
composite sheet of perforated graphene and polymeric substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
C
oxygen
O₂
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Duration | 0.1–120 seconds |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,567,224Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for perforating graphene, comprising: exposing a stream of gas to an atmospheric pressure plasma to generate an activated gas stream downstream of, and separated from, the atmospheric pressure plasma, the stream of gas having a concentration of active gas and the active gas being selected from one of oxygen, nitrogen or combinations thereof, directing said activated gas stream separated from said atmospheric pressure plasma toward a graphene sheet; and perforating said graphene sheet with said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: controlling application of said activated gas stream to said graphene sheet to obtain desired aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size of less than 5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -3- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining a desired aperture size of less than 1.5 nm in diameter.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obt ining desired range of aperture sizes ranging from about 0.5 nm to about 1.5 nm in size.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a stand off distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graph n e sheet so as to obtain a desired range of aperture sizes in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet so as to obtain a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1 further comprising: adjusting an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream so as to obtain a d sired aperture size in said graphene sheet.
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: -4- 4841-4801-5416 1
The method according to claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a desired aperture size in said graphene sheet by adjusting at least one of the following: an amount of time said activated gas stream is applied to said graphene sheet; a distance between the genesis of said activated gas stream and said graphene sheet; a contact residence time of said activated gas stream upon said graphene sheet; and an amount of plasma power applied to said activated gas stream.
The method according to claim 1 1, wherein the plasma power is from 40 to 400 W/in 2.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is oxygen.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the active gas is nitrogen. -5- 4841-4801-5416 1
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite sheet of graphene and metallic substrate
composite sheet of perforated graphene and polymeric substrate
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
C
oxygen
O₂
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Duration | 0.1–120 seconds |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
nitrogen
N₂
metallic substrate
polymeric substrate
helium
He
argon
Ar
| — |
Thickness | 0.1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
— | 40–400 W | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.75 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
nitrogen
N₂
metallic substrate
polymeric substrate
helium
He
argon
Ar
| — |
Thickness | 0.1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
— | 40–400 W | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.75 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
nitrogen
N₂
metallic substrate
polymeric substrate
helium
He
argon
Ar
| — |
Thickness | 0.1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
— | 40–400 W | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.75 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
nitrogen
N₂
metallic substrate
polymeric substrate
helium
He
argon
Ar
| — |
Thickness | 0.1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 1.5–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.3 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–20 mm | — |
— | 40–400 W | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.75 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |