Patent
US 8,652,362Nano Graphene-Modified Curing Agents for Thermoset Resins
Aruna Zhamu
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,652,362Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of conventional processes for producing oxidized NGPs (also referred to as oxidized graphite nano platelets).
FIG. 2 Schematic of the direct ultrasonication process by which a pristine graphite material, without pre-intercalation or pre-oxidation (without exposing to …
FIG. 3 Schematic of oxidized NGPs having initial functional groups (such as carboxyl and hydroxyl) that can react with commonly used curing agent molecules …
FIG. 4 Amine-functionalized NGPs may be pre-reacted with an epoxide group to form an epoxy- 30 type chain, making it naturally compatible with the epoxy resin.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(Previously amended) An epoxy curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of nano graphene platelets that are pristine graphene; (b) a chemical functional group having multiple ends with a first end being bonded to a nano graphene platelet and at least a second end reactive with an epoxy resin; and (c) reactive molecules acting as a prima r y cross-linking agent for the epoxy resin; wherein said nano graphene platelets a r e dispersed in said reactive molecules and the proportion of said platelets is no less than 0.01% by weight based on the total weight of said curing agent.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene. original
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, a r omatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polya mi ne epoxy adduct, phenolic ha r dener, non-brominated curing agent, non- amine curatives, and combinations thereof.
(Previously amended) The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said pristine graphene is produced by direct ultrasonication of a pristine graphitic material that is not pre-intercalated and not preoxidized.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group comprises an epoxy group.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from one of said reactive molecules.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication of a suspension containing nano graphene platelets dispersed in reactive molecules selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, and combinations thereof.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1, further comprising an additive selected from the-group consisting of carbon fibers,. glass fibers, _ polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano-rods, nano-wires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and combinations thereof.
canceled
canceled
(Previously amended) A modified curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of chemically functionalized pristine graphene having at least a chemical functional group reactive with a thermosetting resin; and (b) reactive molecules acting as a primary cross-linking agent for the thermosetting resin; wherein said functionalized nano graphene platelets are dispersed in said reactive molecules and said platelets occupy no less than 0.0 1 % by weight based on the total weight of said modified curing agent.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single-layer graphene.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise pristine graphene. original
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polya m ine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- 3 brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said reactive molecules a re selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic a mi nes, aromatic a m ines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetria m ine, triethylene-tetra m ine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12.
An epoxy resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent o f claim 1. _ 21. A thermoset resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent of claim 12.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12, further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of ca r bon fibers, glass fibers, polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, ca r bon nanotubes, nano-rods, nanowires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and comhi nati ons-thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises a resin selected from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester, phenolic, polyimide, polyurethane, polyamide-i m ide, thermosetting elastomers or rubbers, and combinations thereof. 4
canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphene/nano graphene platelets (pristine)
epoxy resin
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,652,362Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of conventional processes for producing oxidized NGPs (also referred to as oxidized graphite nano platelets).
FIG. 2 Schematic of the direct ultrasonication process by which a pristine graphite material, without pre-intercalation or pre-oxidation (without exposing to …
FIG. 3 Schematic of oxidized NGPs having initial functional groups (such as carboxyl and hydroxyl) that can react with commonly used curing agent molecules …
FIG. 4 Amine-functionalized NGPs may be pre-reacted with an epoxide group to form an epoxy- 30 type chain, making it naturally compatible with the epoxy resin.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(Previously amended) An epoxy curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of nano graphene platelets that are pristine graphene; (b) a chemical functional group having multiple ends with a first end being bonded to a nano graphene platelet and at least a second end reactive with an epoxy resin; and (c) reactive molecules acting as a prima r y cross-linking agent for the epoxy resin; wherein said nano graphene platelets a r e dispersed in said reactive molecules and the proportion of said platelets is no less than 0.01% by weight based on the total weight of said curing agent.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene. original
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, a r omatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polya mi ne epoxy adduct, phenolic ha r dener, non-brominated curing agent, non- amine curatives, and combinations thereof.
(Previously amended) The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said pristine graphene is produced by direct ultrasonication of a pristine graphitic material that is not pre-intercalated and not preoxidized.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group comprises an epoxy group.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from one of said reactive molecules.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication of a suspension containing nano graphene platelets dispersed in reactive molecules selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, and combinations thereof.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1, further comprising an additive selected from the-group consisting of carbon fibers,. glass fibers, _ polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano-rods, nano-wires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and combinations thereof.
canceled
canceled
(Previously amended) A modified curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of chemically functionalized pristine graphene having at least a chemical functional group reactive with a thermosetting resin; and (b) reactive molecules acting as a primary cross-linking agent for the thermosetting resin; wherein said functionalized nano graphene platelets are dispersed in said reactive molecules and said platelets occupy no less than 0.0 1 % by weight based on the total weight of said modified curing agent.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single-layer graphene.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise pristine graphene. original
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polya m ine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- 3 brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said reactive molecules a re selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic a mi nes, aromatic a m ines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetria m ine, triethylene-tetra m ine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12.
An epoxy resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent o f claim 1. _ 21. A thermoset resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent of claim 12.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12, further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of ca r bon fibers, glass fibers, polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, ca r bon nanotubes, nano-rods, nanowires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and comhi nati ons-thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises a resin selected from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester, phenolic, polyimide, polyurethane, polyamide-i m ide, thermosetting elastomers or rubbers, and combinations thereof. 4
canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphene/nano graphene platelets (pristine)
epoxy resin
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,652,362Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of conventional processes for producing oxidized NGPs (also referred to as oxidized graphite nano platelets).
FIG. 2 Schematic of the direct ultrasonication process by which a pristine graphite material, without pre-intercalation or pre-oxidation (without exposing to …
FIG. 3 Schematic of oxidized NGPs having initial functional groups (such as carboxyl and hydroxyl) that can react with commonly used curing agent molecules …
FIG. 4 Amine-functionalized NGPs may be pre-reacted with an epoxide group to form an epoxy- 30 type chain, making it naturally compatible with the epoxy resin.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(Previously amended) An epoxy curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of nano graphene platelets that are pristine graphene; (b) a chemical functional group having multiple ends with a first end being bonded to a nano graphene platelet and at least a second end reactive with an epoxy resin; and (c) reactive molecules acting as a prima r y cross-linking agent for the epoxy resin; wherein said nano graphene platelets a r e dispersed in said reactive molecules and the proportion of said platelets is no less than 0.01% by weight based on the total weight of said curing agent.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene. original
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, a r omatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polya mi ne epoxy adduct, phenolic ha r dener, non-brominated curing agent, non- amine curatives, and combinations thereof.
(Previously amended) The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said pristine graphene is produced by direct ultrasonication of a pristine graphitic material that is not pre-intercalated and not preoxidized.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group comprises an epoxy group.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from one of said reactive molecules.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication of a suspension containing nano graphene platelets dispersed in reactive molecules selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, and combinations thereof.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1, further comprising an additive selected from the-group consisting of carbon fibers,. glass fibers, _ polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano-rods, nano-wires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and combinations thereof.
canceled
canceled
(Previously amended) A modified curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of chemically functionalized pristine graphene having at least a chemical functional group reactive with a thermosetting resin; and (b) reactive molecules acting as a primary cross-linking agent for the thermosetting resin; wherein said functionalized nano graphene platelets are dispersed in said reactive molecules and said platelets occupy no less than 0.0 1 % by weight based on the total weight of said modified curing agent.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single-layer graphene.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise pristine graphene. original
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polya m ine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- 3 brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said reactive molecules a re selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic a mi nes, aromatic a m ines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetria m ine, triethylene-tetra m ine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12.
An epoxy resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent o f claim 1. _ 21. A thermoset resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent of claim 12.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12, further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of ca r bon fibers, glass fibers, polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, ca r bon nanotubes, nano-rods, nanowires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and comhi nati ons-thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises a resin selected from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester, phenolic, polyimide, polyurethane, polyamide-i m ide, thermosetting elastomers or rubbers, and combinations thereof. 4
canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphene/nano graphene platelets (pristine)
epoxy resin
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,652,362Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of conventional processes for producing oxidized NGPs (also referred to as oxidized graphite nano platelets).
FIG. 2 Schematic of the direct ultrasonication process by which a pristine graphite material, without pre-intercalation or pre-oxidation (without exposing to …
FIG. 3 Schematic of oxidized NGPs having initial functional groups (such as carboxyl and hydroxyl) that can react with commonly used curing agent molecules …
FIG. 4 Amine-functionalized NGPs may be pre-reacted with an epoxide group to form an epoxy- 30 type chain, making it naturally compatible with the epoxy resin.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
(Previously amended) An epoxy curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of nano graphene platelets that are pristine graphene; (b) a chemical functional group having multiple ends with a first end being bonded to a nano graphene platelet and at least a second end reactive with an epoxy resin; and (c) reactive molecules acting as a prima r y cross-linking agent for the epoxy resin; wherein said nano graphene platelets a r e dispersed in said reactive molecules and the proportion of said platelets is no less than 0.01% by weight based on the total weight of said curing agent.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene. original
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, a r omatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polya mi ne epoxy adduct, phenolic ha r dener, non-brominated curing agent, non- amine curatives, and combinations thereof.
(Previously amended) The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said pristine graphene is produced by direct ultrasonication of a pristine graphitic material that is not pre-intercalated and not preoxidized.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group comprises an epoxy group.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from one of said reactive molecules.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication.
The curing agent of claim 1 wherein said chemical functional group is bonded to a nano graphene platelet through ultrasonication of a suspension containing nano graphene platelets dispersed in reactive molecules selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, and combinations thereof.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1.
An epoxy resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 1, further comprising an additive selected from the-group consisting of carbon fibers,. glass fibers, _ polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano-rods, nano-wires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and combinations thereof.
canceled
canceled
(Previously amended) A modified curing agent comprising: (a) a plurality of chemically functionalized pristine graphene having at least a chemical functional group reactive with a thermosetting resin; and (b) reactive molecules acting as a primary cross-linking agent for the thermosetting resin; wherein said functionalized nano graphene platelets are dispersed in said reactive molecules and said platelets occupy no less than 0.0 1 % by weight based on the total weight of said modified curing agent.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single-layer graphene.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise pristine graphene. original
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said chemical functional group is derived from a reactive molecule selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene- pentamine, polyethylene polya m ine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non- 3 brominated curing agent, nonamine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12 wherein said reactive molecules a re selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic a mi nes, aromatic a m ines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetria m ine, triethylene-tetra m ine, tetraethylene-pentamine, polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, polyols, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12.
An epoxy resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent o f claim 1. _ 21. A thermoset resin matrix composite comprising a resin reacted with the curing agent of claim 12.
A thermoset resin mixed with the curing agent of claim 12, further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of ca r bon fibers, glass fibers, polymer fibers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, metal wires or fibers, carbon nano-fibers, ca r bon nanotubes, nano-rods, nanowires, nano-tubes, nano-fibers, metal nano particles, ceramic nano particles, and comhi nati ons-thereof.
The modified curing agent of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises a resin selected from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester, phenolic, polyimide, polyurethane, polyamide-i m ide, thermosetting elastomers or rubbers, and combinations thereof. 4
canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphene/nano graphene platelets (pristine)
epoxy resin
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite samples plotted as a function of the NGP weight fraction. One curve represents …
single-layer graphene
reactive curing molecules (amines, anhydrides, etc.)
pristine graphitic material (precursor for ultrasonication)
thermosetting resin
composite additives (carbon fibers, glass fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano particles, etc.)
nano graphene platelets (NGPs) general
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
single-layer graphene
reactive curing molecules (amines, anhydrides, etc.)
pristine graphitic material (precursor for ultrasonication)
thermosetting resin
composite additives (carbon fibers, glass fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano particles, etc.)
nano graphene platelets (NGPs) general
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
single-layer graphene
reactive curing molecules (amines, anhydrides, etc.)
pristine graphitic material (precursor for ultrasonication)
thermosetting resin
composite additives (carbon fibers, glass fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano particles, etc.)
nano graphene platelets (NGPs) general
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …
single-layer graphene
reactive curing molecules (amines, anhydrides, etc.)
pristine graphitic material (precursor for ultrasonication)
thermosetting resin
composite additives (carbon fibers, glass fibers, carbon nanotubes, nano particles, etc.)
nano graphene platelets (NGPs) general
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-oxidized graphene composite samples (prepared 10 by the direct mixing and modified curing agent approaches, …
FIG. 7 Electrical conductivity of cured epoxy-pristine graphene composite and graphene oxide composite samples both plotted as a function of the NGP weight …