Patent
US 9,844,757SEPARATION MEMBRANES FORMED FROM PERFORATED GRAPHENE AND METHODS FOR USE THEREOF
Steven W. SINTON, Peter V. BEDWORTH, Padraig MOLONEY
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,844,757Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite membrane for separation of a first gas from a second gas; said separation membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa^ 1 SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.1.8.1635.1012.1651.1025.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source, wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane is arranged to provide preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein a net gas separation selectivity for said first gas relative to said second gas is greater than or equal to 100. -2- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently has a thickness less than or equal to 50 microns.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently comprises a fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, and polycarbonate or any combination of these.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a thickness selected from the range of 0.3 to 5 nm.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a plurality of holes independently having cross sectional dimensions less than or equal to 10 angstroms. 22. The composite membrane of claim 21, wherein said plurality of holes independently have cross sectional dimensions selected over the range of 3 to 5 angstroms. -3- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises graphene, a graphene-based material, a transition metal dichalcogenide, molybdenum sulfide, a -boron nitride, silicone, germanene, or a combination thereof.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises a perforated graphene-based material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane and the at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in physical contact with each other or separated by one or more intermediate structures provided in physical contact with said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in a stacked multilayer geometry.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein dimensional material is chemically functionalized. said second gas and said first gas is selected from combination of these. is carried out at a temperature at said external the at least one layer of the perforated two- -6-
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A method for separating a first gas from a second gas; said method comprising the steps o f: providing a composite membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.4.11.1569.1380.1585.1393.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source; and contacting an external surface of said composite membrane with said first gas and said second gas; wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane provides preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of perforated two-dimensional material, thereby separating said first gas from said second gas, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation. -5- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The method of claim 38, wherein methane is the group consisting of C O 2, H 2 0, H 2 S or any
The method of claim 38, wherein said method surface selected over the range of 200 K to 600 K.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite gas separation membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
dense polymeric membrane
perforated two-dimensional material
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
dense polymeric membrane permeability to first gas (minimum claimed) | 7.5e-11 cm3 cm⁻² s-1 kPa-1 | dense polymeric membrane |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,844,757Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite membrane for separation of a first gas from a second gas; said separation membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa^ 1 SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.1.8.1635.1012.1651.1025.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source, wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane is arranged to provide preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein a net gas separation selectivity for said first gas relative to said second gas is greater than or equal to 100. -2- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently has a thickness less than or equal to 50 microns.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently comprises a fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, and polycarbonate or any combination of these.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a thickness selected from the range of 0.3 to 5 nm.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a plurality of holes independently having cross sectional dimensions less than or equal to 10 angstroms. 22. The composite membrane of claim 21, wherein said plurality of holes independently have cross sectional dimensions selected over the range of 3 to 5 angstroms. -3- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises graphene, a graphene-based material, a transition metal dichalcogenide, molybdenum sulfide, a -boron nitride, silicone, germanene, or a combination thereof.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises a perforated graphene-based material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane and the at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in physical contact with each other or separated by one or more intermediate structures provided in physical contact with said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in a stacked multilayer geometry.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein dimensional material is chemically functionalized. said second gas and said first gas is selected from combination of these. is carried out at a temperature at said external the at least one layer of the perforated two- -6-
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A method for separating a first gas from a second gas; said method comprising the steps o f: providing a composite membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.4.11.1569.1380.1585.1393.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source; and contacting an external surface of said composite membrane with said first gas and said second gas; wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane provides preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of perforated two-dimensional material, thereby separating said first gas from said second gas, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation. -5- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The method of claim 38, wherein methane is the group consisting of C O 2, H 2 0, H 2 S or any
The method of claim 38, wherein said method surface selected over the range of 200 K to 600 K.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite gas separation membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
dense polymeric membrane
perforated two-dimensional material
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
dense polymeric membrane permeability to first gas (minimum claimed) | 7.5e-11 cm3 cm⁻² s-1 kPa-1 | dense polymeric membrane |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,844,757Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite membrane for separation of a first gas from a second gas; said separation membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa^ 1 SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.1.8.1635.1012.1651.1025.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source, wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane is arranged to provide preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein a net gas separation selectivity for said first gas relative to said second gas is greater than or equal to 100. -2- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently has a thickness less than or equal to 50 microns.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently comprises a fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, and polycarbonate or any combination of these.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a thickness selected from the range of 0.3 to 5 nm.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a plurality of holes independently having cross sectional dimensions less than or equal to 10 angstroms. 22. The composite membrane of claim 21, wherein said plurality of holes independently have cross sectional dimensions selected over the range of 3 to 5 angstroms. -3- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises graphene, a graphene-based material, a transition metal dichalcogenide, molybdenum sulfide, a -boron nitride, silicone, germanene, or a combination thereof.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises a perforated graphene-based material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane and the at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in physical contact with each other or separated by one or more intermediate structures provided in physical contact with said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in a stacked multilayer geometry.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein dimensional material is chemically functionalized. said second gas and said first gas is selected from combination of these. is carried out at a temperature at said external the at least one layer of the perforated two- -6-
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A method for separating a first gas from a second gas; said method comprising the steps o f: providing a composite membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.4.11.1569.1380.1585.1393.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source; and contacting an external surface of said composite membrane with said first gas and said second gas; wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane provides preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of perforated two-dimensional material, thereby separating said first gas from said second gas, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation. -5- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The method of claim 38, wherein methane is the group consisting of C O 2, H 2 0, H 2 S or any
The method of claim 38, wherein said method surface selected over the range of 200 K to 600 K.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite gas separation membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
dense polymeric membrane
perforated two-dimensional material
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
dense polymeric membrane permeability to first gas (minimum claimed) | 7.5e-11 cm3 cm⁻² s-1 kPa-1 | dense polymeric membrane |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,844,757Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite membrane for separation of a first gas from a second gas; said separation membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa^ 1 SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.1.8.1635.1012.1651.1025.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source, wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane is arranged to provide preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein a net gas separation selectivity for said first gas relative to said second gas is greater than or equal to 100. -2- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently has a thickness less than or equal to 50 microns.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said dense polymeric membranes independently comprises a fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, and polycarbonate or any combination of these.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a thickness selected from the range of 0.3 to 5 nm.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material is independently characterized by a plurality of holes independently having cross sectional dimensions less than or equal to 10 angstroms. 22. The composite membrane of claim 21, wherein said plurality of holes independently have cross sectional dimensions selected over the range of 3 to 5 angstroms. -3- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises graphene, a graphene-based material, a transition metal dichalcogenide, molybdenum sulfide, a -boron nitride, silicone, germanene, or a combination thereof.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein each of said layers of perforated two-dimensional material independently comprises a perforated graphene-based material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane and the at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in physical contact with each other or separated by one or more intermediate structures provided in physical contact with said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein said at least one dense polymeric membrane and said at least one layer of said perforated two-dimensional material are provided in a stacked multilayer geometry.
The composite membrane of claim 1, wherein dimensional material is chemically functionalized. said second gas and said first gas is selected from combination of these. is carried out at a temperature at said external the at least one layer of the perforated two- -6-
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A method for separating a first gas from a second gas; said method comprising the steps o f: providing a composite membrane comprising: at least one dense polymeric membrane characterized by a permeability for said first gas greater than or equal to 7.5 x 10-11 cm 3 cm- 2 s- 1 kPa SVG 14656580.04-18-2017.J₁O₀MY₅₁RXEAPX2.CLM.4.11.1569.1380.1585.1393.svg 0.043 0.053 Chemistry Black and white [[and]] at least one layer of a perforated two-dimensional material; and a plurality of dielectric layers electrically connected to a voltage source; and contacting an external surface of said composite membrane with said first gas and said second gas; wherein the plurality of dielectric layers are arranged to charge the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material to control the movement of particles contained within the first gas and particles contained within the second gas through the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material, wherein said composite membrane provides preferential transport of said first gas relative to said second gas through said at least one dense polymer membrane and said at least one layer of perforated two-dimensional material, thereby separating said first gas from said second gas, wherein the at least one dense polymeric membrane is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by solution-diffusion, and wherein the at least one layer of the perforated two-dimensional material is configured to provide preferential transport of the first gas relative to the second gas by molecular separation. -5- Atty. Dkt. No. 111423-1343
The method of claim 38, wherein methane is the group consisting of C O 2, H 2 0, H 2 S or any
The method of claim 38, wherein said method surface selected over the range of 200 K to 600 K.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
composite gas separation membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
dense polymeric membrane
perforated two-dimensional material
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
dense polymeric membrane permeability to first gas (minimum claimed) | 7.5e-11 cm3 cm⁻² s-1 kPa-1 | dense polymeric membrane |
dielectric layers
fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate
graphene
transition metal dichalcogenide
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
boron nitride
BN
germanene
net gas separation selectivity (minimum claimed) | 100 dimensionless | — |
dense polymeric membrane thickness (maximum claimed) | 50 microns | dense polymeric membrane |
perforated two-dimensional material layer thickness (claimed range) | — | perforated two-dimensional material |
perforation hole cross-sectional dimension (maximum claimed) | 10 angstroms | perforated two-dimensional material |
Thickness | 100–1000 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 nm | — |
Thickness | 300–500 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–15 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–15 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–10 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–6 Å | — |
Thickness | 0.3–3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–600 K | — |
Thickness | 0.3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 Å | — |
Thickness | 10–11 cm | — |
Pressure | 15–2000 PSI | — |
Pressure | 25–100000 Bar | — |
Thickness | 1e-9 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–10 cm | — |
dielectric layers
fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate
graphene
transition metal dichalcogenide
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
boron nitride
BN
germanene
net gas separation selectivity (minimum claimed) | 100 dimensionless | — |
dense polymeric membrane thickness (maximum claimed) | 50 microns | dense polymeric membrane |
perforated two-dimensional material layer thickness (claimed range) | — | perforated two-dimensional material |
perforation hole cross-sectional dimension (maximum claimed) | 10 angstroms | perforated two-dimensional material |
Thickness | 100–1000 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 nm | — |
Thickness | 300–500 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–15 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–15 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–10 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–6 Å | — |
Thickness | 0.3–3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–600 K | — |
Thickness | 0.3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 Å | — |
Thickness | 10–11 cm | — |
Pressure | 15–2000 PSI | — |
Pressure | 25–100000 Bar | — |
Thickness | 1e-9 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–10 cm | — |
dielectric layers
fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate
graphene
transition metal dichalcogenide
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
boron nitride
BN
germanene
net gas separation selectivity (minimum claimed) | 100 dimensionless | — |
dense polymeric membrane thickness (maximum claimed) | 50 microns | dense polymeric membrane |
perforated two-dimensional material layer thickness (claimed range) | — | perforated two-dimensional material |
perforation hole cross-sectional dimension (maximum claimed) | 10 angstroms | perforated two-dimensional material |
Thickness | 100–1000 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 nm | — |
Thickness | 300–500 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–15 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–15 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–10 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–6 Å | — |
Thickness | 0.3–3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–600 K | — |
Thickness | 0.3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 Å | — |
Thickness | 10–11 cm | — |
Pressure | 15–2000 PSI | — |
Pressure | 25–100000 Bar | — |
Thickness | 1e-9 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–10 cm | — |
dielectric layers
fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, polysilicone, polyimide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate
graphene
transition metal dichalcogenide
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
boron nitride
BN
germanene
net gas separation selectivity (minimum claimed) | 100 dimensionless | — |
dense polymeric membrane thickness (maximum claimed) | 50 microns | dense polymeric membrane |
perforated two-dimensional material layer thickness (claimed range) | — | perforated two-dimensional material |
perforation hole cross-sectional dimension (maximum claimed) | 10 angstroms | perforated two-dimensional material |
Thickness | 100–1000 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 nm | — |
Thickness | 300–500 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–15 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–100 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.34–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–15 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–10 Å | — |
Thickness | 3–6 Å | — |
Thickness | 0.3–3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–600 K | — |
Thickness | 0.3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 Å | — |
Thickness | 10–11 cm | — |
Pressure | 15–2000 PSI | — |
Pressure | 25–100000 Bar | — |
Thickness | 1e-9 cm | — |
Thickness | 10–10 cm | — |