HIGH YIELD PREPARATION OF MACROSCOPIC GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANES

Zhengtang Luo

Patent

Atlas literature

Patent

US 8,821,745

HIGH YIELD PREPARATION OF MACROSCOPIC GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANES

Zhengtang Luo, Alan T. Johnson

2014-09-02·US

Claims

Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.

7 independent · 25 dependent

1
IndependentCexfoliated graphite layered structuregraphene oxide membrane
A method of synthesizing a graphene oxide membrane, comprising: exposing graphite to microwave radiation so as to exfoliate at least a portion of the graphite into a layered structure; and oxidizing the layered structure so as to give rise to a graphene oxide membrane having an upper surface and a lower surface; wherein the oxidizing is performed after exposure to microwave radiation.
1. 2
  Dependent← claim 1C
  The method of claim 1, wherein the graphite comprises an acid intercalated therein.
2. 4
  Dependent← claim 1
  The method of claim 1, wherein the microwave radiation comprises a frequency of between about 1 GHz and about 3 GHz.
3. 5
  Dependent← claim 1
  The method of claim 1, wherein the microwave radiation is applied for about 0.1 to about 5 seconds.
4. 6
  Dependent← claim 1H₂SO₄HNO₃KClO₃KMnO₄K₂S₂O₈H₂O₂
  The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing is accomplished by exposure to sulfuric acid, nitric acid, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, potassium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium chloride oxide, or any combination thereof.
5. 8
  Dependent← claim 1graphene oxide membraneN₂H₄
  The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of exposing the graphene oxide membrane to hydrazine.
6. 9
  Dependent← claim 1Cexfoliated graphite layered structure
  The method of claim 1, wherein the volume of the layered structure is at least about 200 times the volume of the graphite.
7. 10
  Dependent← claim 1graphene oxide membrane
  The method of claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the membrane, the lower surface of the membrane, or both, comprises a surface area in the range of from about 400 pm2 to about 3000 gm2.
8. 11
  Dependent← claim 1graphene oxide membrane
  The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide membrane has an electrical conductivity of about 400 S/m.
9. 12
  Dependent← claim 1graphene oxide membrane
  A graphene oxide membrane made according to the method of claim 1. withdrawn
10. 32
  Dependent← claim 1graphene oxide membrane
  The method of claim 1, further comprising centrifuging and washing after the oxidizing step, wherein the method of synthesizing is free of ultrasonication or application of other physical force to separate the layered structure. Page 6 of 15 3283307.3
3
Independentorganic acidH₂SO₄HNO₃
The method of claim [[1]] 2, wherein the acid comprises an organic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, or any combination thereof.
13
Independentgraphene oxide membranegraphene oxide membrane
A membrane, comprising: a graphene oxide membrane having at least an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface, the lower surface, or both comprising a surface area of up to about 2500 2 withdrawn
1. 14
  Dependent← claim 13graphene oxide membranegraphene oxide membrane
  The membrane of claim 13, wherein the upper or lower surface of the membrane comprises a surface area in the range of from about 400 pm 2 to about 3000 pm2. withdrawn
2. 16
  Dependent← claim 13graphene oxide membranegraphene oxide membrane
  The membrane of claim 13, wherein the membrane is characterized as having an electrical conductivity in the range of from about 3 S/m to about 400 S/m. withdrawn
3. 18
  Dependent← claim 13graphene oxide membranegraphene oxide membrane
  The membrane of claim 13, wherein the membrane comprises a diameter/thickness ratio in the range of from about 100 to about 40,000. withdrawn
19
Independentreduced graphene oxide membranesensor device
A sensor device, comprising: a reduced graphene oxide membrane characterized as having an electrical conductivity in the range of from about 200 S/m to about 400 S/m; a biomolecule in electrical connection with the graphene oxide membrane; and a detector in electrical communication with the graphene oxide membrane, wherein the interaction between a biomolecule and its environment changes an electrical characteristic of the detector, the change being capable of being transmitted along at least a portion of the graphene oxide membrane to the detector. withdrawn
1. 20
  Dependent← claim 19sensor device
  The sensor device of claim 19, wherein the biomolecule comprises a nucleic acid, a protein, an antibody, an antigen, or any combination thereof. withdrawn
2. 21
  Dependent← claim 19sensor device
  The sensor device of claim 19, wherein the detector is capable of detecting a signal evolved from the binding of the biomolecule to a target. withdrawn
22
Independentgraphene oxide membranesensor device
A method of detecting an analyte, comprising: Page 4 of 15 3283307.3 DOCKET NO.: 104377.000152/V₅₀₁₈ PATENT Application No.: 13/141,402 Oﬃce Action Dated: providing a sensor device comprising a graphene oxide membrane having an electrical conductivity in the range of from about 200 S/m to about 400 S/m and a biomolecule in electrical connection with the graphene oxide membrane, the biomolecule being capable of binding to an analyte, wherein the binding of the analyte gives rise to an electrical change within the sensor device; exposing the biomolecule to the analyte to give rise to the analyte binding to the biomolecule; and monitoring a change in the electrical conductivity of the graphene oxide membrane eﬀectuated by the binding of the analyte to the biomolecule. withdrawn
1. 23
  Dependent← claim 22sensor device
  The method of claim 22, wherein the medium is ﬂowed over the sensor device. withdrawn
2. 24
  Dependent← claim 22sensor device
  The method of claim 22, wherein the biomolecule binds speciﬁcally to the analyte of interest. withdrawn
26
Independentgraphene oxide membranepolymeric material
A composite material, comprising: a graphene oxide membrane having at least an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface, the lower surface, or both comprising a surface area of up to about 2500 2 Page 5 of 15 3283307.3 DOCKET NO.: 104377.000152/V₅₀₁₈ PATENT Application No.: 13/141,402 Oﬃce Action Dated: the graphene oxide membrane being incorporated into a polymeric material by way of one or more bonds to a repeat unit of the polymer. withdrawn
1. 27
  Dependent← claim 26graphene oxide membrane
  The composite material of claim 26, wherein the graphene oxide membrane is characterized as having a conductivity of about 400 S/m. withdrawn
2. 28
  Dependent← claim 26polymeric material
  The composite material of claim 26, wherein the polymeric material comprises a polyoleﬁn, a polyamide, polycarbonate, a polyester, [lot's more classes of polymers...] or any combination thereof. withdrawn
3. 29
  Dependent← claim 26polymeric material
  The composite material of claim 26, wherein the polyoleﬁn comprises a polyethylene, a polypropylene, a polybutene, a cyclic polyoleﬁn, or any combination thereof. withdrawn
4. 30
  Dependent← claim 26polymeric material
  The composite material of claim 26, wherein the polymer comprises a homopolymer, a copolymer, a block copolymer, a branched polymer, a graft polymer, a star polymer, a dendrimer, or any combination thereof. withdrawn
31
Independentgraphene oxide membranegraphene oxide membrane
A membrane, comprising: a graphene oxide membrane, the membrane having an electrical conductivity of from about 200 to about 500 S/m. withdrawn

Device structures

Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.

graphene oxide membrane

graphene oxide membranemembrane

sensor device

reduced graphene oxide membranetransducer membrane

Materials

Materials described outside the worked examples.

graphite

Starting Material

exfoliated graphite layered structure

Intermediate

graphene oxide membrane

Process steps

Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.

Microwave Exfoliation

Step 1

Process details

note:graphite exposed to microwave radiation to exfoliate into layered structure

duration s:0.1 to 5

frequency GHz:1 to 3

temperature c max:3

temperature c min:

Reported properties

Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.

Property	Value	Material
electrical_conductivity	400 S/m	graphene oxide membrane
electrical_conductivity_range

Why these are connected

Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.

HIGH YIELD PREPARATION OF MACROSCOPIC GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANES | Matter42 Literature