Patent
US 8,834,959Method for the Preparation of Doped Single Graphene Sheets
Lawrence T. Drzal, Do Inhwan, Anchita Monga
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
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US 8,834,959Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 shows graphite oxide dispersed in water.
Figure 2 shows an X-ray diffraction pattern of the graphite oxide of
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Figure 3 E is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface. 20
Figure 3. F is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface.
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 7A shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 30 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 20 nanometers.
Figure 7 B shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 10 n anometers.
Figure 7 C shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 5 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 5 n anometers.
Figure 7D shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers. 10
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
Figure 10 shows the capacity profiles of first three charge-discharge cycles.
Figure 11 shows the cycle performance.
Figure 12A shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP 20 material wherein the scale bar is at 5 nanometers.
Figure 12 B shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP material wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers.
Figure 13 A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar 25 is at 1 pm.
Figure 13 B shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar is at 100 nanometers.
Figure 14A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel 30 nanoparticle clusters of 40 to 50 nanometer size wherein the scale bar is at 1 pm.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of preparation of doped single graphene sheets, the method comprising: A. providing graphite; B. oxidizing the graphite to non-electrically 10 conductive graphite oxide; C. exfoliating the graphite oxide in a solvent; D. depositing nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of metals, and, 15 metal oxides, on the product of C., and, E. reducing the product of D, to electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the oxidation of the graphite to graphite oxide is carried out using mild 20 oxidation and ultrasonication of graphite flakes.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the single graphene sheets have a surface area of at least 1500 m2/g.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein 25 the reduction in step E. is carried out using a process selected from the group consisting essentially of chemical, electrical, and temperatures of 1000 0C or higher.
5. A method of conversion of energy, said method comprising utilizing a device containing a doped single graphene sheet as prepared in claim 1.
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Three grams of natural graphite flake (~200 µm average size) was oxidized in an acid solution of 3 mL 60% HNO3, 60 mL 96% H₂SO4, and 4 g KMnO4, producing graphite oxide (GO). GO was exfoliated in water, impregnated with a metal salt, and the metal salt was reduced via microwave irradiation in the presence of GO to produce exfoliated graphite oxide-supported (xGO-supported) metal nanoparticles (metal/xGO nanocomposites). The xGO decorated with metal nanoparticles was then reduced chemically in hydrazine or another reducing agent to yield electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
energy conversion/storage device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitric acid
HNO₃
sulfuric acid
H₂SO₄
potassium permanganate
KMnO₄
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Surface Area | ≥ 1500 m2/g | doped single graphene sheets |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,834,959Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 shows graphite oxide dispersed in water.
Figure 2 shows an X-ray diffraction pattern of the graphite oxide of
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Figure 3 E is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface. 20
Figure 3. F is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface.
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 7A shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 30 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 20 nanometers.
Figure 7 B shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 10 n anometers.
Figure 7 C shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 5 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 5 n anometers.
Figure 7D shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers. 10
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
Figure 10 shows the capacity profiles of first three charge-discharge cycles.
Figure 11 shows the cycle performance.
Figure 12A shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP 20 material wherein the scale bar is at 5 nanometers.
Figure 12 B shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP material wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers.
Figure 13 A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar 25 is at 1 pm.
Figure 13 B shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar is at 100 nanometers.
Figure 14A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel 30 nanoparticle clusters of 40 to 50 nanometer size wherein the scale bar is at 1 pm.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of preparation of doped single graphene sheets, the method comprising: A. providing graphite; B. oxidizing the graphite to non-electrically 10 conductive graphite oxide; C. exfoliating the graphite oxide in a solvent; D. depositing nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of metals, and, 15 metal oxides, on the product of C., and, E. reducing the product of D, to electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the oxidation of the graphite to graphite oxide is carried out using mild 20 oxidation and ultrasonication of graphite flakes.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the single graphene sheets have a surface area of at least 1500 m2/g.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein 25 the reduction in step E. is carried out using a process selected from the group consisting essentially of chemical, electrical, and temperatures of 1000 0C or higher.
5. A method of conversion of energy, said method comprising utilizing a device containing a doped single graphene sheet as prepared in claim 1.
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Three grams of natural graphite flake (~200 µm average size) was oxidized in an acid solution of 3 mL 60% HNO3, 60 mL 96% H₂SO4, and 4 g KMnO4, producing graphite oxide (GO). GO was exfoliated in water, impregnated with a metal salt, and the metal salt was reduced via microwave irradiation in the presence of GO to produce exfoliated graphite oxide-supported (xGO-supported) metal nanoparticles (metal/xGO nanocomposites). The xGO decorated with metal nanoparticles was then reduced chemically in hydrazine or another reducing agent to yield electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
energy conversion/storage device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitric acid
HNO₃
sulfuric acid
H₂SO₄
potassium permanganate
KMnO₄
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Surface Area | ≥ 1500 m2/g | doped single graphene sheets |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,834,959Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 shows graphite oxide dispersed in water.
Figure 2 shows an X-ray diffraction pattern of the graphite oxide of
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Figure 3 E is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface. 20
Figure 3. F is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface.
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 7A shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 30 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 20 nanometers.
Figure 7 B shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 10 n anometers.
Figure 7 C shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 5 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 5 n anometers.
Figure 7D shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers. 10
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
Figure 10 shows the capacity profiles of first three charge-discharge cycles.
Figure 11 shows the cycle performance.
Figure 12A shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP 20 material wherein the scale bar is at 5 nanometers.
Figure 12 B shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP material wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers.
Figure 13 A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar 25 is at 1 pm.
Figure 13 B shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar is at 100 nanometers.
Figure 14A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel 30 nanoparticle clusters of 40 to 50 nanometer size wherein the scale bar is at 1 pm.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of preparation of doped single graphene sheets, the method comprising: A. providing graphite; B. oxidizing the graphite to non-electrically 10 conductive graphite oxide; C. exfoliating the graphite oxide in a solvent; D. depositing nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of metals, and, 15 metal oxides, on the product of C., and, E. reducing the product of D, to electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the oxidation of the graphite to graphite oxide is carried out using mild 20 oxidation and ultrasonication of graphite flakes.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the single graphene sheets have a surface area of at least 1500 m2/g.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein 25 the reduction in step E. is carried out using a process selected from the group consisting essentially of chemical, electrical, and temperatures of 1000 0C or higher.
5. A method of conversion of energy, said method comprising utilizing a device containing a doped single graphene sheet as prepared in claim 1.
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Three grams of natural graphite flake (~200 µm average size) was oxidized in an acid solution of 3 mL 60% HNO3, 60 mL 96% H₂SO4, and 4 g KMnO4, producing graphite oxide (GO). GO was exfoliated in water, impregnated with a metal salt, and the metal salt was reduced via microwave irradiation in the presence of GO to produce exfoliated graphite oxide-supported (xGO-supported) metal nanoparticles (metal/xGO nanocomposites). The xGO decorated with metal nanoparticles was then reduced chemically in hydrazine or another reducing agent to yield electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
energy conversion/storage device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitric acid
HNO₃
sulfuric acid
H₂SO₄
potassium permanganate
KMnO₄
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Surface Area | ≥ 1500 m2/g | doped single graphene sheets |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,834,959Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 shows graphite oxide dispersed in water.
Figure 2 shows an X-ray diffraction pattern of the graphite oxide of
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Figure 3 E is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface. 20
Figure 3. F is a higher magnification image of graphite oxide with platinum nanoparticles on the surface.
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 7A shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 30 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 20 nanometers.
Figure 7 B shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 10 n anometers.
Figure 7 C shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel 5 nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 5 n anometers.
Figure 7D shows the image of graphite oxide with nickel nanoparticles on the surface wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers. 10
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
Figure 10 shows the capacity profiles of first three charge-discharge cycles.
Figure 11 shows the cycle performance.
Figure 12A shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP 20 material wherein the scale bar is at 5 nanometers.
Figure 12 B shows a high resolution image of Sn doped xGnP material wherein the scale bar is at 2 nanometers.
Figure 13 A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar 25 is at 1 pm.
Figure 13 B shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel nanoparticles of size 70 to 80 nanometers wherein the scale bar is at 100 nanometers.
Figure 14A shows xGnP nanoparticles doped with nickel 30 nanoparticle clusters of 40 to 50 nanometer size wherein the scale bar is at 1 pm.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of preparation of doped single graphene sheets, the method comprising: A. providing graphite; B. oxidizing the graphite to non-electrically 10 conductive graphite oxide; C. exfoliating the graphite oxide in a solvent; D. depositing nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of metals, and, 15 metal oxides, on the product of C., and, E. reducing the product of D, to electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the oxidation of the graphite to graphite oxide is carried out using mild 20 oxidation and ultrasonication of graphite flakes.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the single graphene sheets have a surface area of at least 1500 m2/g.
The method of preparation as claimed in claim 1 wherein 25 the reduction in step E. is carried out using a process selected from the group consisting essentially of chemical, electrical, and temperatures of 1000 0C or higher.
5. A method of conversion of energy, said method comprising utilizing a device containing a doped single graphene sheet as prepared in claim 1.
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Three grams of natural graphite flake (~200 µm average size) was oxidized in an acid solution of 3 mL 60% HNO3, 60 mL 96% H₂SO4, and 4 g KMnO4, producing graphite oxide (GO). GO was exfoliated in water, impregnated with a metal salt, and the metal salt was reduced via microwave irradiation in the presence of GO to produce exfoliated graphite oxide-supported (xGO-supported) metal nanoparticles (metal/xGO nanocomposites). The xGO decorated with metal nanoparticles was then reduced chemically in hydrazine or another reducing agent to yield electrically conductive single graphene sheets.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
energy conversion/storage device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitric acid
HNO₃
sulfuric acid
H₂SO₄
potassium permanganate
KMnO₄
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 A to 3D are TEM images of graphite oxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles wherein they were taken at low and medium magnification.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Surface Area | ≥ 1500 m2/g | doped single graphene sheets |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
| 4–10 nm |
| — |
Thickness | 70–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
| 4–10 nm |
| — |
Thickness | 70–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
| 4–10 nm |
| — |
Thickness | 70–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Figure 4 is a graph of the particle measurements of the platinum shown in
Figure 5 is XRD patterns for two platinum/graphite oxide 25 (xG O) nanocomposite samples which were made under different conditions.
Figure 6 shows XRD patterns of xGO and xGO-supported platinum samples.
Figure 8 A shows an XRD pattern of nickel doped xGn P in a complete range.
Figure 8 B shows an XRD pattern of the nickel doped XRD pattern of
Figure 9 is a graph of the raw galvanostatic data.
| 4–10 nm |
| — |
Thickness | 70–80 nm | — |
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |