Patent
US 10,879,534POROUS GRAPHENE NETWORK ELECTRODES AND AN ALL-CARBON LITHIUM ION BATTERY CONTAINING THE SAME
Rahul Mukherjee
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,879,534Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 (A) is the capacity and coulombic efficiency vs. cycle index of an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention compared to the theoretical and practical capacity of a graphitic anode.
Figure 2 (A) is a model of a graphene lattice having 25 % divacancy defects.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 (A) is a schematic of a full cell configuration including a lithium/PGN composite as cathode and a PGN as an anode according to an embodiment of the invention. 25
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic of a roll-to-roll electro-deposition assembly according to 10 another embodiment of the present invention.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A system for the production of graphene sheets comprising: a counter electrode and a working electrode immersed in a bath, the bath containing a dispersion of graphene oxide, a membrane applied to a surface of the counter electrode, a source of electricity configured to apply a current between the counter electrode and the working electrode capable of electrolytically depositing the graphene oxide in the bath onto the membrane; and a reduction zone downstream of the bath configured to reduce the graphene oxide to graphene, the reduction zone comprising-a light source configured to emit flashes having an energy intensity of about 150 Ws to about 400 Ws. ° °. Currently amended
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane comprises a hydrophilic porous polymer. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane is configured to be removable from the bath following deposition of the graphene oxide. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rollers configured to advance the membrane through the bath and wherein the membrane is in the form of a web provided on at least one of the plurality of rollers. Previously presented
A system for the production of graphene oxide sheets comprising: a heated substrate, a dispersion of graphene oxide, and a spray nozzle configured to spray the dispersion of graphene oxide onto the heated substrate. Withdrawn
A method of making a lithium porous graphene network cathode comprising: a) thermally reducing a sheet of graphene oxide to produce a sheet of graphene, and b) exposing the sheet of graphene to lithium or a lithium-containing compound. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by convective heat transfer. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by photo-thermal reduction via a flash having an energy level of at least about 150 Ws. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein the lithium or lithium-containing compound is n-butyllithium. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising cycling the sheet of graphene in a half cell to initiate intercalation and lithium metal plating. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a lithium-containing counter-electrode. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a metal foil counter-electrode immersed in an electrolyte containing lithium salts. Withdrawn
A lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene, the graphene being intercalated with lithium metal. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 consisting essentially of lithium metal and graphene. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein the sheet of graphene has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein graphene has at least % divacancy defects. Withdrawn
An all-carbon battery comprising: at least one lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene intercalated with lithium metal; at least one porous graphene network anode, and an electrolyte. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode consists essentially of lithium metal and graphene and the anode consists essentially of graphene. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the sheet of graphene of the cathode has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte. Withdrawn
A vehicle comprising the all-carbon battery of claim 22 connected to a transmission. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electro-deposition system for graphene sheet production
spray deposition system for graphene oxide sheet production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Energy Density | ≥ 630 Wh/kg | graphene |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,879,534Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 (A) is the capacity and coulombic efficiency vs. cycle index of an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention compared to the theoretical and practical capacity of a graphitic anode.
Figure 2 (A) is a model of a graphene lattice having 25 % divacancy defects.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 (A) is a schematic of a full cell configuration including a lithium/PGN composite as cathode and a PGN as an anode according to an embodiment of the invention. 25
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic of a roll-to-roll electro-deposition assembly according to 10 another embodiment of the present invention.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A system for the production of graphene sheets comprising: a counter electrode and a working electrode immersed in a bath, the bath containing a dispersion of graphene oxide, a membrane applied to a surface of the counter electrode, a source of electricity configured to apply a current between the counter electrode and the working electrode capable of electrolytically depositing the graphene oxide in the bath onto the membrane; and a reduction zone downstream of the bath configured to reduce the graphene oxide to graphene, the reduction zone comprising-a light source configured to emit flashes having an energy intensity of about 150 Ws to about 400 Ws. ° °. Currently amended
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane comprises a hydrophilic porous polymer. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane is configured to be removable from the bath following deposition of the graphene oxide. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rollers configured to advance the membrane through the bath and wherein the membrane is in the form of a web provided on at least one of the plurality of rollers. Previously presented
A system for the production of graphene oxide sheets comprising: a heated substrate, a dispersion of graphene oxide, and a spray nozzle configured to spray the dispersion of graphene oxide onto the heated substrate. Withdrawn
A method of making a lithium porous graphene network cathode comprising: a) thermally reducing a sheet of graphene oxide to produce a sheet of graphene, and b) exposing the sheet of graphene to lithium or a lithium-containing compound. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by convective heat transfer. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by photo-thermal reduction via a flash having an energy level of at least about 150 Ws. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein the lithium or lithium-containing compound is n-butyllithium. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising cycling the sheet of graphene in a half cell to initiate intercalation and lithium metal plating. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a lithium-containing counter-electrode. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a metal foil counter-electrode immersed in an electrolyte containing lithium salts. Withdrawn
A lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene, the graphene being intercalated with lithium metal. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 consisting essentially of lithium metal and graphene. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein the sheet of graphene has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein graphene has at least % divacancy defects. Withdrawn
An all-carbon battery comprising: at least one lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene intercalated with lithium metal; at least one porous graphene network anode, and an electrolyte. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode consists essentially of lithium metal and graphene and the anode consists essentially of graphene. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the sheet of graphene of the cathode has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte. Withdrawn
A vehicle comprising the all-carbon battery of claim 22 connected to a transmission. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electro-deposition system for graphene sheet production
spray deposition system for graphene oxide sheet production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Energy Density | ≥ 630 Wh/kg | graphene |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,879,534Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 (A) is the capacity and coulombic efficiency vs. cycle index of an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention compared to the theoretical and practical capacity of a graphitic anode.
Figure 2 (A) is a model of a graphene lattice having 25 % divacancy defects.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 (A) is a schematic of a full cell configuration including a lithium/PGN composite as cathode and a PGN as an anode according to an embodiment of the invention. 25
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic of a roll-to-roll electro-deposition assembly according to 10 another embodiment of the present invention.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A system for the production of graphene sheets comprising: a counter electrode and a working electrode immersed in a bath, the bath containing a dispersion of graphene oxide, a membrane applied to a surface of the counter electrode, a source of electricity configured to apply a current between the counter electrode and the working electrode capable of electrolytically depositing the graphene oxide in the bath onto the membrane; and a reduction zone downstream of the bath configured to reduce the graphene oxide to graphene, the reduction zone comprising-a light source configured to emit flashes having an energy intensity of about 150 Ws to about 400 Ws. ° °. Currently amended
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane comprises a hydrophilic porous polymer. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane is configured to be removable from the bath following deposition of the graphene oxide. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rollers configured to advance the membrane through the bath and wherein the membrane is in the form of a web provided on at least one of the plurality of rollers. Previously presented
A system for the production of graphene oxide sheets comprising: a heated substrate, a dispersion of graphene oxide, and a spray nozzle configured to spray the dispersion of graphene oxide onto the heated substrate. Withdrawn
A method of making a lithium porous graphene network cathode comprising: a) thermally reducing a sheet of graphene oxide to produce a sheet of graphene, and b) exposing the sheet of graphene to lithium or a lithium-containing compound. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by convective heat transfer. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by photo-thermal reduction via a flash having an energy level of at least about 150 Ws. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein the lithium or lithium-containing compound is n-butyllithium. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising cycling the sheet of graphene in a half cell to initiate intercalation and lithium metal plating. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a lithium-containing counter-electrode. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a metal foil counter-electrode immersed in an electrolyte containing lithium salts. Withdrawn
A lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene, the graphene being intercalated with lithium metal. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 consisting essentially of lithium metal and graphene. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein the sheet of graphene has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein graphene has at least % divacancy defects. Withdrawn
An all-carbon battery comprising: at least one lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene intercalated with lithium metal; at least one porous graphene network anode, and an electrolyte. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode consists essentially of lithium metal and graphene and the anode consists essentially of graphene. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the sheet of graphene of the cathode has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte. Withdrawn
A vehicle comprising the all-carbon battery of claim 22 connected to a transmission. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electro-deposition system for graphene sheet production
spray deposition system for graphene oxide sheet production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Energy Density | ≥ 630 Wh/kg | graphene |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,879,534Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 (A) is the capacity and coulombic efficiency vs. cycle index of an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention compared to the theoretical and practical capacity of a graphitic anode.
Figure 2 (A) is a model of a graphene lattice having 25 % divacancy defects.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 (A) is a schematic of a full cell configuration including a lithium/PGN composite as cathode and a PGN as an anode according to an embodiment of the invention. 25
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic of a roll-to-roll electro-deposition assembly according to 10 another embodiment of the present invention.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A system for the production of graphene sheets comprising: a counter electrode and a working electrode immersed in a bath, the bath containing a dispersion of graphene oxide, a membrane applied to a surface of the counter electrode, a source of electricity configured to apply a current between the counter electrode and the working electrode capable of electrolytically depositing the graphene oxide in the bath onto the membrane; and a reduction zone downstream of the bath configured to reduce the graphene oxide to graphene, the reduction zone comprising-a light source configured to emit flashes having an energy intensity of about 150 Ws to about 400 Ws. ° °. Currently amended
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane comprises a hydrophilic porous polymer. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, wherein the membrane is configured to be removable from the bath following deposition of the graphene oxide. Previously presented
The system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rollers configured to advance the membrane through the bath and wherein the membrane is in the form of a web provided on at least one of the plurality of rollers. Previously presented
A system for the production of graphene oxide sheets comprising: a heated substrate, a dispersion of graphene oxide, and a spray nozzle configured to spray the dispersion of graphene oxide onto the heated substrate. Withdrawn
A method of making a lithium porous graphene network cathode comprising: a) thermally reducing a sheet of graphene oxide to produce a sheet of graphene, and b) exposing the sheet of graphene to lithium or a lithium-containing compound. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by convective heat transfer. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein thermally reducing the sheet of graphene oxide is performed by photo-thermal reduction via a flash having an energy level of at least about 150 Ws. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8, wherein the lithium or lithium-containing compound is n-butyllithium. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising cycling the sheet of graphene in a half cell to initiate intercalation and lithium metal plating. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a lithium-containing counter-electrode. Withdrawn
The method of claim 8 further comprising applying a voltage between the sheet of graphene and a metal foil counter-electrode immersed in an electrolyte containing lithium salts. Withdrawn
A lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene, the graphene being intercalated with lithium metal. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 having a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16 consisting essentially of lithium metal and graphene. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein the sheet of graphene has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The lithiated porous graphene network cathode of claim 16, wherein graphene has at least % divacancy defects. Withdrawn
An all-carbon battery comprising: at least one lithiated porous graphene network cathode comprising a sheet of graphene intercalated with lithium metal; at least one porous graphene network anode, and an electrolyte. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has an energy density of at least 630 Wh/kg and a capacity of at least 850 mAh/g. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode has a working voltage of about 0.75V. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the cathode consists essentially of lithium metal and graphene and the anode consists essentially of graphene. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the sheet of graphene of the cathode has a mass loading of lithium of 0.1 to 5 mg/cm 2. Withdrawn
The all-carbon battery of claim 22, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte. Withdrawn
A vehicle comprising the all-carbon battery of claim 22 connected to a transmission. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electro-deposition system for graphene sheet production
spray deposition system for graphene oxide sheet production
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene oxide
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 3 (A) is a cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of a 20 completely lithiated electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Energy Density | ≥ 630 Wh/kg | graphene |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
lithiated porous graphene network (Li-PGN) cathode
all-carbon lithium ion battery
hydrophilic porous polymer membrane
lithium metal
Li
n-butyllithium
C₄H₉Li
lithium salt electrolyte
aqueous electrolyte
polypropylene membrane
cellulose ester membrane
PTFE membrane
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Capacity | ≥ 850 mAh/g | grapheneLi |
Working Voltage | 0.75 V | grapheneLi |
Mass Loading Lithium | 0.1–5 mg/cm2 | Li |
Thickness | 25–85 nm | — |
Voltage | 2–10 V | — |
Thickness | 20–50 µm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 cm | — |
Voltage | 2–3 V | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Duration | 60–120 seconds | — |
Duration | 5–10 seconds | — |
— | 1–1.5 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 0.5 V | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 20 µm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Temperature | 700–1200 °C | — |
lithiated porous graphene network (Li-PGN) cathode
all-carbon lithium ion battery
hydrophilic porous polymer membrane
lithium metal
Li
n-butyllithium
C₄H₉Li
lithium salt electrolyte
aqueous electrolyte
polypropylene membrane
cellulose ester membrane
PTFE membrane
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Capacity | ≥ 850 mAh/g | grapheneLi |
Working Voltage | 0.75 V | grapheneLi |
Mass Loading Lithium | 0.1–5 mg/cm2 | Li |
Thickness | 25–85 nm | — |
Voltage | 2–10 V | — |
Thickness | 20–50 µm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 cm | — |
Voltage | 2–3 V | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Duration | 60–120 seconds | — |
Duration | 5–10 seconds | — |
— | 1–1.5 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 0.5 V | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 20 µm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Temperature | 700–1200 °C | — |
lithiated porous graphene network (Li-PGN) cathode
all-carbon lithium ion battery
hydrophilic porous polymer membrane
lithium metal
Li
n-butyllithium
C₄H₉Li
lithium salt electrolyte
aqueous electrolyte
polypropylene membrane
cellulose ester membrane
PTFE membrane
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Capacity | ≥ 850 mAh/g | grapheneLi |
Working Voltage | 0.75 V | grapheneLi |
Mass Loading Lithium | 0.1–5 mg/cm2 | Li |
Thickness | 25–85 nm | — |
Voltage | 2–10 V | — |
Thickness | 20–50 µm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 cm | — |
Voltage | 2–3 V | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Duration | 60–120 seconds | — |
Duration | 5–10 seconds | — |
— | 1–1.5 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 0.5 V | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 20 µm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Temperature | 700–1200 °C | — |
lithiated porous graphene network (Li-PGN) cathode
all-carbon lithium ion battery
hydrophilic porous polymer membrane
lithium metal
Li
n-butyllithium
C₄H₉Li
lithium salt electrolyte
aqueous electrolyte
polypropylene membrane
cellulose ester membrane
PTFE membrane
Figure 5 is an SEM image of graphene oxide directly deposited onto conductive carbon felt substrate using an electro-deposition technique according to the present invention.
Capacity | ≥ 850 mAh/g | grapheneLi |
Working Voltage | 0.75 V | grapheneLi |
Mass Loading Lithium | 0.1–5 mg/cm2 | Li |
Thickness | 25–85 nm | — |
Voltage | 2–10 V | — |
Thickness | 20–50 µm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 cm | — |
Voltage | 2–3 V | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Duration | 60–120 seconds | — |
Duration | 5–10 seconds | — |
— | 1–1.5 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 0.5 V | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 20 µm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Temperature | 700–1200 °C | — |