Research paperExperimental CharacterizationComputational DFTGraphene Straintronics by Molecular TrappingPawan Kumar Srivastava, Vedanki Khandelwal, Ramesh Reddy, Kartick Tarafder et al.arXiv·2025·10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c04013·arXiv:2503.17240AbstractHere, we report on controlling strain in graphene by trapping molecules at the graphene-substrate interface, leveraging molecular dipole moments. Spectroscopic and transport measurements show that strain correlates with the dipole moments of trapped molecules, with a dipole range of 1.5 D to 4.9 D resulting in a 50-fold increase in strain and a substantial rise in the residual carrier density. This has been possible by charge transfer between graphene and trapped molecules, altering the C=C bond length, and causing biaxial strain. First-principles density functional theory calculations confirm a consistent dependence of bending height on molecular dipole moments.Read more
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with chlorobenzene trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with acetone trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with dimethylformamide trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with propylene carbonate trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Reference graphene on SiO₂/Si without intentionally trapped interface molecules.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped chlorobenzene in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped acetone in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped dimethylformamide in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped propylene carbonate in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Research paperExperimental CharacterizationComputational DFTGraphene Straintronics by Molecular TrappingPawan Kumar Srivastava, Vedanki Khandelwal, Ramesh Reddy, Kartick Tarafder et al.arXiv·2025·10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c04013·arXiv:2503.17240AbstractHere, we report on controlling strain in graphene by trapping molecules at the graphene-substrate interface, leveraging molecular dipole moments. Spectroscopic and transport measurements show that strain correlates with the dipole moments of trapped molecules, with a dipole range of 1.5 D to 4.9 D resulting in a 50-fold increase in strain and a substantial rise in the residual carrier density. This has been possible by charge transfer between graphene and trapped molecules, altering the C=C bond length, and causing biaxial strain. First-principles density functional theory calculations confirm a consistent dependence of bending height on molecular dipole moments.Read more
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with chlorobenzene trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with acetone trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with dimethylformamide trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with propylene carbonate trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Reference graphene on SiO₂/Si without intentionally trapped interface molecules.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped chlorobenzene in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped acetone in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped dimethylformamide in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped propylene carbonate in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Research paperExperimental CharacterizationComputational DFTGraphene Straintronics by Molecular TrappingPawan Kumar Srivastava, Vedanki Khandelwal, Ramesh Reddy, Kartick Tarafder et al.arXiv·2025·10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c04013·arXiv:2503.17240AbstractHere, we report on controlling strain in graphene by trapping molecules at the graphene-substrate interface, leveraging molecular dipole moments. Spectroscopic and transport measurements show that strain correlates with the dipole moments of trapped molecules, with a dipole range of 1.5 D to 4.9 D resulting in a 50-fold increase in strain and a substantial rise in the residual carrier density. This has been possible by charge transfer between graphene and trapped molecules, altering the C=C bond length, and causing biaxial strain. First-principles density functional theory calculations confirm a consistent dependence of bending height on molecular dipole moments.Read more
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with chlorobenzene trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with acetone trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with dimethylformamide trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with propylene carbonate trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Reference graphene on SiO₂/Si without intentionally trapped interface molecules.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped chlorobenzene in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped acetone in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped dimethylformamide in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped propylene carbonate in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Research paperExperimental CharacterizationComputational DFTGraphene Straintronics by Molecular TrappingPawan Kumar Srivastava, Vedanki Khandelwal, Ramesh Reddy, Kartick Tarafder et al.arXiv·2025·10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c04013·arXiv:2503.17240AbstractHere, we report on controlling strain in graphene by trapping molecules at the graphene-substrate interface, leveraging molecular dipole moments. Spectroscopic and transport measurements show that strain correlates with the dipole moments of trapped molecules, with a dipole range of 1.5 D to 4.9 D resulting in a 50-fold increase in strain and a substantial rise in the residual carrier density. This has been possible by charge transfer between graphene and trapped molecules, altering the C=C bond length, and causing biaxial strain. First-principles density functional theory calculations confirm a consistent dependence of bending height on molecular dipole moments.Read more
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with chlorobenzene trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with acetone trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with dimethylformamide trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
Graphene on SiO₂/Si with propylene carbonate trapped at the graphene-substrate interface.3 preparations3 characterizations1 property1 figureExperimentalCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
Reference graphene on SiO₂/Si without intentionally trapped interface molecules.3 preparations2 characterizations1 property1 figureCStudied MaterialSiO₂Substrate / DielectricSiSubstrate / DielectricExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped chlorobenzene in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₆H₅ClAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped acetone in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₆OAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped dimethylformamide in the interfacial region.No measurements recordedSimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₃H₇NOAdsorbate SpeciesExpand
DFT-relaxed graphene with trapped propylene carbonate in the interfacial region.1 propertySimulated Supercell DftCStudied MaterialC₄H₆O₃Adsorbate SpeciesExpand
