Patent
US 10,772,910GRAPHENE NANOSTRUCTURE-BASED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
Byung Hee Hong
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,772,910Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 5 shows a fibrillation inhibiting effect of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0015]
FIG. 6B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of a neuron survival rate affected by a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an …
FIG. 7B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of 8- OHG staining which shows a reactive oxygen species generation inhibitory …
FIG. 8B provide (A) schematic diagrams of a test for confirming a- syn transition inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 12 shows the result of BN-PAGE analysis on PFFs after injection of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0022]
FIG. 13 provides images showing luminescent characteristics of a graphene nanostructure and Congo Red in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
FIG. 16 shows the result of fluorescence measurement on samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. MODE FOR CARRY I NG OUT THE …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising graphene quantum dots, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit fibril formation caused by protein misfolding. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit transition of misfolded proteins. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not accumulated in the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots show a photothermal effect upon irradiation by a far-infrared laser. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
The method of claim 17, wherein the neurodegenerative disease comprises a member selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, HIV dementia, stroke, senile systemic amyloidosis, primary systemic amyloidosis, secondary systemic amyloidosis, type II diabetes, amyotrophic amyloidosis, hemodialysis-related amyloidosis, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and multiple sclerosis. Previously presented
Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, consisting of administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 11, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
-1 3. Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm First Named Inventor Byung Hee Hong Attorney Docket 46664-0002002 [[an]] and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Currently amended
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient is not subjected to photothermal treatment after administration of said graphene quantum dots. Previously presented
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
Canceled
-22. Cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
1 material1 process step
GQDs were prepared by placing carbon fiber in a 3:1 sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixture and heating at 80°C for 24 hours (thermo-oxidation). After purification by dialysis and vacuum filtration, GQD powder was obtained via Rotovap. The resulting GQDs had structurally various sizes (~5 to ~20 nm), exhibited fluorescence at 490 nm and 550 nm emission under UV, showed a photothermal effect upon 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, displayed an FT-IR carboxyl group (-COOH) peak at 1724 cm⁻¹ and aromatic C=C peak at 1614 cm⁻¹, and had a zeta potential of about -20 mV.
2 materials1 process step
Congo Red (a material targeting a neuronal protein) was bonded to the terminal functional group of the prepared GQDs via a chemical reaction. Three samples were prepared using different amounts of Congo Red: 100 µg/mL (Sample 1), 250 µg/mL (Sample 2), and 500 µg/mL (Sample 3).
1 material
Upon injection of GQDs (1 µg/mL) together with PFFs into neurons, phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-a-syn) was reduced by ~80%, practically indicating that fibrillation is almost entirely inhibited. Neuron survival rate increased by ~20%. GQDs alone showed no toxicity to neurons (TUNEL screening). GQDs also inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species and restored mitochondrial respiratory rate (basal and maximal) and Complex I activity to normal levels.
1 material
Using a microfluidic device, GQDs were placed in different chambers (C₁ or C₂) to test inhibition of alpha-synuclein fibril transmission to adjacent neurons. When GQDs were in the first neuron chamber, fibrillation was rarely observed in the second and third neurons. When GQDs were in the intermediate chamber, fibrillation decreased noticeably from chamber 2 onward.
1 material
GQDs (1 µg/mL) and PFFs were incubated at 37°C and sampled on a silica substrate. Fibrillation inhibition was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM). When only PFFs were incubated, a large lump (aggregate of fibrils) was observed; GQDs inhibited this fibril aggregate formation.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene quantum dots
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
GQD fluorescence emission peak 1 | 490 nm | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD fluorescence emission peak 2 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
POLYMER-GRAPHENE LIQUID CRYSTAL FIBER AND A CARBON FIBER PRODUCED BY THE SAME AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
METHOD FOR FABRICATING GRAPHENE SHEETS OR GRAPHENE PARTICLES USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,772,910Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 5 shows a fibrillation inhibiting effect of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0015]
FIG. 6B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of a neuron survival rate affected by a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an …
FIG. 7B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of 8- OHG staining which shows a reactive oxygen species generation inhibitory …
FIG. 8B provide (A) schematic diagrams of a test for confirming a- syn transition inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 12 shows the result of BN-PAGE analysis on PFFs after injection of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0022]
FIG. 13 provides images showing luminescent characteristics of a graphene nanostructure and Congo Red in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
FIG. 16 shows the result of fluorescence measurement on samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. MODE FOR CARRY I NG OUT THE …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising graphene quantum dots, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit fibril formation caused by protein misfolding. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit transition of misfolded proteins. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not accumulated in the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots show a photothermal effect upon irradiation by a far-infrared laser. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
The method of claim 17, wherein the neurodegenerative disease comprises a member selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, HIV dementia, stroke, senile systemic amyloidosis, primary systemic amyloidosis, secondary systemic amyloidosis, type II diabetes, amyotrophic amyloidosis, hemodialysis-related amyloidosis, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and multiple sclerosis. Previously presented
Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, consisting of administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 11, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
-1 3. Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm First Named Inventor Byung Hee Hong Attorney Docket 46664-0002002 [[an]] and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Currently amended
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient is not subjected to photothermal treatment after administration of said graphene quantum dots. Previously presented
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
Canceled
-22. Cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
1 material1 process step
GQDs were prepared by placing carbon fiber in a 3:1 sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixture and heating at 80°C for 24 hours (thermo-oxidation). After purification by dialysis and vacuum filtration, GQD powder was obtained via Rotovap. The resulting GQDs had structurally various sizes (~5 to ~20 nm), exhibited fluorescence at 490 nm and 550 nm emission under UV, showed a photothermal effect upon 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, displayed an FT-IR carboxyl group (-COOH) peak at 1724 cm⁻¹ and aromatic C=C peak at 1614 cm⁻¹, and had a zeta potential of about -20 mV.
2 materials1 process step
Congo Red (a material targeting a neuronal protein) was bonded to the terminal functional group of the prepared GQDs via a chemical reaction. Three samples were prepared using different amounts of Congo Red: 100 µg/mL (Sample 1), 250 µg/mL (Sample 2), and 500 µg/mL (Sample 3).
1 material
Upon injection of GQDs (1 µg/mL) together with PFFs into neurons, phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-a-syn) was reduced by ~80%, practically indicating that fibrillation is almost entirely inhibited. Neuron survival rate increased by ~20%. GQDs alone showed no toxicity to neurons (TUNEL screening). GQDs also inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species and restored mitochondrial respiratory rate (basal and maximal) and Complex I activity to normal levels.
1 material
Using a microfluidic device, GQDs were placed in different chambers (C₁ or C₂) to test inhibition of alpha-synuclein fibril transmission to adjacent neurons. When GQDs were in the first neuron chamber, fibrillation was rarely observed in the second and third neurons. When GQDs were in the intermediate chamber, fibrillation decreased noticeably from chamber 2 onward.
1 material
GQDs (1 µg/mL) and PFFs were incubated at 37°C and sampled on a silica substrate. Fibrillation inhibition was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM). When only PFFs were incubated, a large lump (aggregate of fibrils) was observed; GQDs inhibited this fibril aggregate formation.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene quantum dots
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
GQD fluorescence emission peak 1 | 490 nm | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD fluorescence emission peak 2 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
POLYMER-GRAPHENE LIQUID CRYSTAL FIBER AND A CARBON FIBER PRODUCED BY THE SAME AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
METHOD FOR FABRICATING GRAPHENE SHEETS OR GRAPHENE PARTICLES USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,772,910Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 5 shows a fibrillation inhibiting effect of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0015]
FIG. 6B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of a neuron survival rate affected by a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an …
FIG. 7B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of 8- OHG staining which shows a reactive oxygen species generation inhibitory …
FIG. 8B provide (A) schematic diagrams of a test for confirming a- syn transition inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 12 shows the result of BN-PAGE analysis on PFFs after injection of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0022]
FIG. 13 provides images showing luminescent characteristics of a graphene nanostructure and Congo Red in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
FIG. 16 shows the result of fluorescence measurement on samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. MODE FOR CARRY I NG OUT THE …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising graphene quantum dots, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit fibril formation caused by protein misfolding. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit transition of misfolded proteins. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not accumulated in the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots show a photothermal effect upon irradiation by a far-infrared laser. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
The method of claim 17, wherein the neurodegenerative disease comprises a member selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, HIV dementia, stroke, senile systemic amyloidosis, primary systemic amyloidosis, secondary systemic amyloidosis, type II diabetes, amyotrophic amyloidosis, hemodialysis-related amyloidosis, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and multiple sclerosis. Previously presented
Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, consisting of administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 11, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
-1 3. Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm First Named Inventor Byung Hee Hong Attorney Docket 46664-0002002 [[an]] and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Currently amended
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient is not subjected to photothermal treatment after administration of said graphene quantum dots. Previously presented
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
Canceled
-22. Cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
1 material1 process step
GQDs were prepared by placing carbon fiber in a 3:1 sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixture and heating at 80°C for 24 hours (thermo-oxidation). After purification by dialysis and vacuum filtration, GQD powder was obtained via Rotovap. The resulting GQDs had structurally various sizes (~5 to ~20 nm), exhibited fluorescence at 490 nm and 550 nm emission under UV, showed a photothermal effect upon 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, displayed an FT-IR carboxyl group (-COOH) peak at 1724 cm⁻¹ and aromatic C=C peak at 1614 cm⁻¹, and had a zeta potential of about -20 mV.
2 materials1 process step
Congo Red (a material targeting a neuronal protein) was bonded to the terminal functional group of the prepared GQDs via a chemical reaction. Three samples were prepared using different amounts of Congo Red: 100 µg/mL (Sample 1), 250 µg/mL (Sample 2), and 500 µg/mL (Sample 3).
1 material
Upon injection of GQDs (1 µg/mL) together with PFFs into neurons, phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-a-syn) was reduced by ~80%, practically indicating that fibrillation is almost entirely inhibited. Neuron survival rate increased by ~20%. GQDs alone showed no toxicity to neurons (TUNEL screening). GQDs also inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species and restored mitochondrial respiratory rate (basal and maximal) and Complex I activity to normal levels.
1 material
Using a microfluidic device, GQDs were placed in different chambers (C₁ or C₂) to test inhibition of alpha-synuclein fibril transmission to adjacent neurons. When GQDs were in the first neuron chamber, fibrillation was rarely observed in the second and third neurons. When GQDs were in the intermediate chamber, fibrillation decreased noticeably from chamber 2 onward.
1 material
GQDs (1 µg/mL) and PFFs were incubated at 37°C and sampled on a silica substrate. Fibrillation inhibition was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM). When only PFFs were incubated, a large lump (aggregate of fibrils) was observed; GQDs inhibited this fibril aggregate formation.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene quantum dots
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
GQD fluorescence emission peak 1 | 490 nm | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD fluorescence emission peak 2 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
POLYMER-GRAPHENE LIQUID CRYSTAL FIBER AND A CARBON FIBER PRODUCED BY THE SAME AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
METHOD FOR FABRICATING GRAPHENE SHEETS OR GRAPHENE PARTICLES USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,772,910Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 5 shows a fibrillation inhibiting effect of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0015]
FIG. 6B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of a neuron survival rate affected by a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an …
FIG. 7B provide (A) images and (B) graphs showing the result of analysis of 8- OHG staining which shows a reactive oxygen species generation inhibitory …
FIG. 8B provide (A) schematic diagrams of a test for confirming a- syn transition inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the …
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 12 shows the result of BN-PAGE analysis on PFFs after injection of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0022]
FIG. 13 provides images showing luminescent characteristics of a graphene nanostructure and Congo Red in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
FIG. 16 shows the result of fluorescence measurement on samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. MODE FOR CARRY I NG OUT THE …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising graphene quantum dots, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit fibril formation caused by protein misfolding. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots inhibit transition of misfolded proteins. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not accumulated in the body. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the graphene quantum dots show a photothermal effect upon irradiation by a far-infrared laser. Previously presented
The method of claim 1, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
The method of claim 17, wherein the neurodegenerative disease comprises a member selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, HIV dementia, stroke, senile systemic amyloidosis, primary systemic amyloidosis, secondary systemic amyloidosis, type II diabetes, amyotrophic amyloidosis, hemodialysis-related amyloidosis, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and multiple sclerosis. Previously presented
Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, consisting of administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Previously presented
The method of claim 11, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
-1 3. Canceled
Canceled
A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease, comprising administering to a patient having a neurodegenerative disease and in need thereof an effective amount of a composition of graphene quantum dots and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the graphene quantum dots have a lateral size of about 3 to 5 nm First Named Inventor Byung Hee Hong Attorney Docket 46664-0002002 [[an]] and an average height of about 5 to 15 nm, wherein the graphene quantum dots are not bound at terminal functional groups to other moieties. Currently amended
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient is not subjected to photothermal treatment after administration of said graphene quantum dots. Previously presented
The method of claim 14, wherein the patient exhibits detectable symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease. Previously presented
Canceled
-22. Cancelled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
1 material1 process step
GQDs were prepared by placing carbon fiber in a 3:1 sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixture and heating at 80°C for 24 hours (thermo-oxidation). After purification by dialysis and vacuum filtration, GQD powder was obtained via Rotovap. The resulting GQDs had structurally various sizes (~5 to ~20 nm), exhibited fluorescence at 490 nm and 550 nm emission under UV, showed a photothermal effect upon 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, displayed an FT-IR carboxyl group (-COOH) peak at 1724 cm⁻¹ and aromatic C=C peak at 1614 cm⁻¹, and had a zeta potential of about -20 mV.
2 materials1 process step
Congo Red (a material targeting a neuronal protein) was bonded to the terminal functional group of the prepared GQDs via a chemical reaction. Three samples were prepared using different amounts of Congo Red: 100 µg/mL (Sample 1), 250 µg/mL (Sample 2), and 500 µg/mL (Sample 3).
1 material
Upon injection of GQDs (1 µg/mL) together with PFFs into neurons, phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-a-syn) was reduced by ~80%, practically indicating that fibrillation is almost entirely inhibited. Neuron survival rate increased by ~20%. GQDs alone showed no toxicity to neurons (TUNEL screening). GQDs also inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species and restored mitochondrial respiratory rate (basal and maximal) and Complex I activity to normal levels.
1 material
Using a microfluidic device, GQDs were placed in different chambers (C₁ or C₂) to test inhibition of alpha-synuclein fibril transmission to adjacent neurons. When GQDs were in the first neuron chamber, fibrillation was rarely observed in the second and third neurons. When GQDs were in the intermediate chamber, fibrillation decreased noticeably from chamber 2 onward.
1 material
GQDs (1 µg/mL) and PFFs were incubated at 37°C and sampled on a silica substrate. Fibrillation inhibition was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM). When only PFFs were incubated, a large lump (aggregate of fibrils) was observed; GQDs inhibited this fibril aggregate formation.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene quantum dots
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
GQD fluorescence emission peak 1 | 490 nm | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD fluorescence emission peak 2 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
POLYMER-GRAPHENE LIQUID CRYSTAL FIBER AND A CARBON FIBER PRODUCED BY THE SAME AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
METHOD FOR FABRICATING GRAPHENE SHEETS OR GRAPHENE PARTICLES USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
| 550 nm |
graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR carboxyl (-COOH) band | 1724 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR aromatic C=C band | 1614 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD surface charge (zeta potential) | -20 mV | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
Thickness | 5–20 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–15 nm | — |
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
| 550 nm |
graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR carboxyl (-COOH) band | 1724 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR aromatic C=C band | 1614 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD surface charge (zeta potential) | -20 mV | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
Thickness | 5–20 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–15 nm | — |
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
| 550 nm |
graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR carboxyl (-COOH) band | 1724 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR aromatic C=C band | 1614 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD surface charge (zeta potential) | -20 mV | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
Thickness | 5–20 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–15 nm | — |
FIG. 1 shows TEM and AFM images of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0011]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of PL analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0012]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of FT-IR analysis on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0013]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of Zeta potential measurement on graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0014]
FIG. 9 shows the result of TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0019]
FIG. 10 shows the result of AFM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of graphene quantum dots in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0020]
FIG. 11 B show the result of high-resolution TEM analysis of fibrillation inhibition of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present …
FIG. 14 is a graph showing photothermal characteristics of a graphene nanostructure in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0024]
FIG. 15 shows FT-IR spectra of samples prepared in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. [0025]
| 550 nm |
graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR carboxyl (-COOH) band | 1724 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD FT-IR aromatic C=C band | 1614 cm⁻¹ | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
GQD surface charge (zeta potential) | -20 mV | graphene quantum dots (GQDs) |
Thickness | 5–20 nm | — |
Thickness | 3–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–15 nm | — |