Patent
US 9,440,856Title PR O CESS F O R PR O DUCI NG GRAPHENE Figin e I EtOH H PCI soo°C x Co (OH) 2 Cc FL-Graphene FL-G i aphen e
Karl Coleman
University of Durham·20 December 2012·US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,440,856Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the method of the 30 invention 9 WO 2012/172338 PCT/GB₂₀₁₂/05
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 3 shows secondary electron image (scale bars 1 pm and 500 nm 5 respectively) platelet at a stage in between synthesis and pu ri fication
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 5 shows a R aman spectrum (532 nm) of graphene grown on Co nanoplatelets (lower) and Cu nanobelts (upper)
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A process for producing graphene comprising the steps of. providing a plurality of metallic particles as templates for graphene formation; providing a carbon source; reacting the metallic particles and carbon source under conditions suitable for graphene formation; and forming graphene particles on the metallic particles, wherein the graphene particles formed on the metallic particles are of a size and shape substantially corresponding to the size and shape of the metallic particles, and wh ere in th e me tallic pa rticl es are.-st.-:-:.-ts SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1437.1328.1630.1362.svg 0.113 0.643 Chemistry Black and white-e assy- SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1958.1326.2108.1362.svg 0.12 0.50 Chemistry Black and white--:h a dt\se4*Ma-stptifte-per?-s4nf ±4>-e t aisp s di spersed and suspended as SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.16.2100.1413.2248.1459.svg 0.153 0.493 Chemistry Black and white a p art solid p articles in a wet or dry fluidized support rnedium so each particle provides a emplate for graphene prod.ction.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the carbon source and metallic particles or precursor thereof are fed into a reactor.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are fed into the reactor in a dispersion, solvent, vapour, aerosol, or spray.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed by chemical vapour deposition.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed in a single layer or multiple layers. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 3 of
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of graphene formed on the metallic particles is controlled by adjusting flow rate and/or reaction time.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles each comprise at least one substantially flat surface on which the graphene particles form.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles have an aspect ratio of around 1:10 or lower.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles comprise a transition metal or compound thereof.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the support medium comprises magnesium oxide, silicon, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminosilicates, zeolites, MCM-41 or MC-8. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 4 of
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are present in the support SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.3.6.1001.497.1161.533.svg 0.12 0.533 Chemistry Black and white at about 1-10 wt %.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene is removed from the support mediumn and/or metallic particles by a single dissolution step.
A process as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of connecting the graphene particles to form a film.
canceled
- 34. canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metallic particles (template)
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,440,856Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the method of the 30 invention 9 WO 2012/172338 PCT/GB₂₀₁₂/05
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 3 shows secondary electron image (scale bars 1 pm and 500 nm 5 respectively) platelet at a stage in between synthesis and pu ri fication
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 5 shows a R aman spectrum (532 nm) of graphene grown on Co nanoplatelets (lower) and Cu nanobelts (upper)
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A process for producing graphene comprising the steps of. providing a plurality of metallic particles as templates for graphene formation; providing a carbon source; reacting the metallic particles and carbon source under conditions suitable for graphene formation; and forming graphene particles on the metallic particles, wherein the graphene particles formed on the metallic particles are of a size and shape substantially corresponding to the size and shape of the metallic particles, and wh ere in th e me tallic pa rticl es are.-st.-:-:.-ts SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1437.1328.1630.1362.svg 0.113 0.643 Chemistry Black and white-e assy- SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1958.1326.2108.1362.svg 0.12 0.50 Chemistry Black and white--:h a dt\se4*Ma-stptifte-per?-s4nf ±4>-e t aisp s di spersed and suspended as SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.16.2100.1413.2248.1459.svg 0.153 0.493 Chemistry Black and white a p art solid p articles in a wet or dry fluidized support rnedium so each particle provides a emplate for graphene prod.ction.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the carbon source and metallic particles or precursor thereof are fed into a reactor.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are fed into the reactor in a dispersion, solvent, vapour, aerosol, or spray.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed by chemical vapour deposition.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed in a single layer or multiple layers. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 3 of
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of graphene formed on the metallic particles is controlled by adjusting flow rate and/or reaction time.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles each comprise at least one substantially flat surface on which the graphene particles form.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles have an aspect ratio of around 1:10 or lower.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles comprise a transition metal or compound thereof.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the support medium comprises magnesium oxide, silicon, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminosilicates, zeolites, MCM-41 or MC-8. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 4 of
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are present in the support SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.3.6.1001.497.1161.533.svg 0.12 0.533 Chemistry Black and white at about 1-10 wt %.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene is removed from the support mediumn and/or metallic particles by a single dissolution step.
A process as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of connecting the graphene particles to form a film.
canceled
- 34. canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metallic particles (template)
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,440,856Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the method of the 30 invention 9 WO 2012/172338 PCT/GB₂₀₁₂/05
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 3 shows secondary electron image (scale bars 1 pm and 500 nm 5 respectively) platelet at a stage in between synthesis and pu ri fication
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 5 shows a R aman spectrum (532 nm) of graphene grown on Co nanoplatelets (lower) and Cu nanobelts (upper)
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A process for producing graphene comprising the steps of. providing a plurality of metallic particles as templates for graphene formation; providing a carbon source; reacting the metallic particles and carbon source under conditions suitable for graphene formation; and forming graphene particles on the metallic particles, wherein the graphene particles formed on the metallic particles are of a size and shape substantially corresponding to the size and shape of the metallic particles, and wh ere in th e me tallic pa rticl es are.-st.-:-:.-ts SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1437.1328.1630.1362.svg 0.113 0.643 Chemistry Black and white-e assy- SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1958.1326.2108.1362.svg 0.12 0.50 Chemistry Black and white--:h a dt\se4*Ma-stptifte-per?-s4nf ±4>-e t aisp s di spersed and suspended as SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.16.2100.1413.2248.1459.svg 0.153 0.493 Chemistry Black and white a p art solid p articles in a wet or dry fluidized support rnedium so each particle provides a emplate for graphene prod.ction.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the carbon source and metallic particles or precursor thereof are fed into a reactor.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are fed into the reactor in a dispersion, solvent, vapour, aerosol, or spray.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed by chemical vapour deposition.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed in a single layer or multiple layers. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 3 of
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of graphene formed on the metallic particles is controlled by adjusting flow rate and/or reaction time.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles each comprise at least one substantially flat surface on which the graphene particles form.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles have an aspect ratio of around 1:10 or lower.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles comprise a transition metal or compound thereof.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the support medium comprises magnesium oxide, silicon, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminosilicates, zeolites, MCM-41 or MC-8. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 4 of
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are present in the support SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.3.6.1001.497.1161.533.svg 0.12 0.533 Chemistry Black and white at about 1-10 wt %.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene is removed from the support mediumn and/or metallic particles by a single dissolution step.
A process as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of connecting the graphene particles to form a film.
canceled
- 34. canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metallic particles (template)
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,440,856Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the method of the 30 invention 9 WO 2012/172338 PCT/GB₂₀₁₂/05
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 3 shows secondary electron image (scale bars 1 pm and 500 nm 5 respectively) platelet at a stage in between synthesis and pu ri fication
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 5 shows a R aman spectrum (532 nm) of graphene grown on Co nanoplatelets (lower) and Cu nanobelts (upper)
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A process for producing graphene comprising the steps of. providing a plurality of metallic particles as templates for graphene formation; providing a carbon source; reacting the metallic particles and carbon source under conditions suitable for graphene formation; and forming graphene particles on the metallic particles, wherein the graphene particles formed on the metallic particles are of a size and shape substantially corresponding to the size and shape of the metallic particles, and wh ere in th e me tallic pa rticl es are.-st.-:-:.-ts SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1437.1328.1630.1362.svg 0.113 0.643 Chemistry Black and white-e assy- SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.15.1958.1326.2108.1362.svg 0.12 0.50 Chemistry Black and white--:h a dt\se4*Ma-stptifte-per?-s4nf ±4>-e t aisp s di spersed and suspended as SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.1.16.2100.1413.2248.1459.svg 0.153 0.493 Chemistry Black and white a p art solid p articles in a wet or dry fluidized support rnedium so each particle provides a emplate for graphene prod.ction.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the carbon source and metallic particles or precursor thereof are fed into a reactor.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are fed into the reactor in a dispersion, solvent, vapour, aerosol, or spray.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed by chemical vapour deposition.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are formed in a single layer or multiple layers. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 3 of
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of graphene formed on the metallic particles is controlled by adjusting flow rate and/or reaction time.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles each comprise at least one substantially flat surface on which the graphene particles form.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles have an aspect ratio of around 1:10 or lower.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic particles comprise a transition metal or compound thereof.
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the support medium comprises magnesium oxide, silicon, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminosilicates, zeolites, MCM-41 or MC-8. P₄₀₄₈₈₉US QB\920257.00027\40267826. 1 Applicant: Karl Coleman Application No. 14/125,196 Group Art Unit: 1736 Page 4 of
A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the metallic particles are present in the support SVG 14125196.06-21-2016.IPPUIHL₅RXEAPX2.CLM.3.6.1001.497.1161.533.svg 0.12 0.533 Chemistry Black and white at about 1-10 wt %.
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphene is removed from the support mediumn and/or metallic particles by a single dissolution step.
A process as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of connecting the graphene particles to form a film.
canceled
- 34. canceled
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metallic particles (template)
graphene
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 40–50 nm | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
carbon source
nickel
Ni
iron
Fe
cobalt
Co
copper
Cu
platinum
Pt
iridium
Ir
ruthenium
Ru
gold
Au
cobalt hydroxide
Co(OH)2
support medium
ethanol
EtOH
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
carbon source
nickel
Ni
iron
Fe
cobalt
Co
copper
Cu
platinum
Pt
iridium
Ir
ruthenium
Ru
gold
Au
cobalt hydroxide
Co(OH)2
support medium
ethanol
EtOH
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
carbon source
nickel
Ni
iron
Fe
cobalt
Co
copper
Cu
platinum
Pt
iridium
Ir
ruthenium
Ru
gold
Au
cobalt hydroxide
Co(OH)2
support medium
ethanol
EtOH
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …
carbon source
nickel
Ni
iron
Fe
cobalt
Co
copper
Cu
platinum
Pt
iridium
Ir
ruthenium
Ru
gold
Au
cobalt hydroxide
Co(OH)2
support medium
ethanol
EtOH
Figure 2 shows (a,b) SEM images (scale bars 2pm and 500 nm respectively) (c) BF TEM image with inset SAED and (d) EDX analysis of cobalt hydroxide nanoplatelets
Figure 4 shows XRD (Cu K a X-ray source, A = 1 54nm) spectrum of (left) a-Co(OH) 2 nanoplatelets and (right) copper nanobelts 10
Figure 6 shows a C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from cobalt nanoplatelets 15
Figure 7 shows (a, b) B F TEM images of copper nanobelt templates (c) B F TEM images of agglomerated nanobelts, (d) HREM of individual graphene nanobelt
Figure 8 shows C 1 s XPS spectrum of carbon product from (a) cobalt 20 nanoplatelets and (b) copper nanobelts Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments 25 The metallic particles used in the invention are preferably transition metal particles having at least one substantially flat surface …