A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a [[the]] channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applyin g an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz; and monitoring a mixing current of the excitation signal and the drive signal through the nanotransistor, where a change in the mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A heterodyne sensor, comprising: a field effect nanotransistor having a source electrode, a channel region, a drain electrode and a gate electrode; an excitation source electrically coupled to one of the source electrode or the drain electrode and applies an excitation signal thereto with an alternating current at a fre q uenc y less than terahertz; a drive source electrically coupled to the gate electrode and applies a drive signal thereto with an alternating current at a frequency less than terahertz; and a measurement circuit electrically coupled to the drain electrode that detects a mixed component of the excitation signal and the drive signal in current through the nanotransistor, where the mixed component of the current is indicative of the concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applying an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current and frequency of the excitation si g nal and the drive si g nal is in ran g e of kilohertz to megahertz; and detecting a heterodyne current through the nanotransistor, where a change in the heterodyne mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a [[the]] channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applyin g an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz; and monitoring a mixing current of the excitation signal and the drive signal through the nanotransistor, where a change in the mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A heterodyne sensor, comprising: a field effect nanotransistor having a source electrode, a channel region, a drain electrode and a gate electrode; an excitation source electrically coupled to one of the source electrode or the drain electrode and applies an excitation signal thereto with an alternating current at a fre q uenc y less than terahertz; a drive source electrically coupled to the gate electrode and applies a drive signal thereto with an alternating current at a frequency less than terahertz; and a measurement circuit electrically coupled to the drain electrode that detects a mixed component of the excitation signal and the drive signal in current through the nanotransistor, where the mixed component of the current is indicative of the concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applying an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current and frequency of the excitation si g nal and the drive si g nal is in ran g e of kilohertz to megahertz; and detecting a heterodyne current through the nanotransistor, where a change in the heterodyne mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a [[the]] channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applyin g an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz; and monitoring a mixing current of the excitation signal and the drive signal through the nanotransistor, where a change in the mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A heterodyne sensor, comprising: a field effect nanotransistor having a source electrode, a channel region, a drain electrode and a gate electrode; an excitation source electrically coupled to one of the source electrode or the drain electrode and applies an excitation signal thereto with an alternating current at a fre q uenc y less than terahertz; a drive source electrically coupled to the gate electrode and applies a drive signal thereto with an alternating current at a frequency less than terahertz; and a measurement circuit electrically coupled to the drain electrode that detects a mixed component of the excitation signal and the drive signal in current through the nanotransistor, where the mixed component of the current is indicative of the concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applying an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current and frequency of the excitation si g nal and the drive si g nal is in ran g e of kilohertz to megahertz; and detecting a heterodyne current through the nanotransistor, where a change in the heterodyne mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a [[the]] channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applyin g an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current with a frequency less than terahertz; and monitoring a mixing current of the excitation signal and the drive signal through the nanotransistor, where a change in the mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A heterodyne sensor, comprising: a field effect nanotransistor having a source electrode, a channel region, a drain electrode and a gate electrode; an excitation source electrically coupled to one of the source electrode or the drain electrode and applies an excitation signal thereto with an alternating current at a fre q uenc y less than terahertz; a drive source electrically coupled to the gate electrode and applies a drive signal thereto with an alternating current at a frequency less than terahertz; and a measurement circuit electrically coupled to the drain electrode that detects a mixed component of the excitation signal and the drive signal in current through the nanotransistor, where the mixed component of the current is indicative of the concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended

A method of rapid analyte detection, comprising:, delivering an analyte of interest to a channel region of a [[the]] nanotransistor; excitin g dipoles of molecules of the analyte of interest by applying an excitation si g nal to the channel re g ion of the nanotransistor and applyin g a drive si g nal to the nanotransistor, where the excitation si g nal is an alternatin g current and the drive si g nal is an alternatin g current and frequency of the excitation si g nal and the drive si g nal is in ran g e of kilohertz to megahertz; and detecting a heterodyne current through the nanotransistor, where a change in the heterodyne mixing current is indicative of concentration of the analyte of interest. Currently amended