Patent
US 9,395,212NANOTUBE AND GRAPHENE DIFFERENTIAL DISPLACEMENT SENSORS
Tyson York Winarski
NONE·US
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Atlas literature
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US 9,395,212Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows the carbon nanotube coordinate system for determining which carbon nanotubes are armchair, zigzag, or chiral;
FIG. 2 shows diagrams of armchair, zigzag, and chiral carbon nanotubes. 4
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
FIG. 4 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the larger diameter nanotube slides exterior to two smaller diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 5 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the smaller diameter nanotube slides interior to two larger diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 8 depicts amplification and signal conditioning of electronic voltage signals from FIG s. 6 and 7;
FIG. 9 depicts a graphene sheet;
FIG. 10 depicts a graphene linear-differential-displacement sensor;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 12 depicts a graphene rotational-differential-displacement sensor; and
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A differential displacement sensor, comprising: a pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures; 5 a moveable carbon nanostructure configured to engage and move with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout a range of motion; and circuitry to apply an excitation voltage across said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures and said moveable carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage proportional to a displacement of said moveable carbon nanostructure with 10 respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout the range of motion.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are both carbon nanotubes, wherein said moveable 15 carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein the carbon nanotubes forming said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are axially aligned with the carbon nanotube forming said moveable carbon nanostructure.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is a DC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is an AC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned 20 stationary carbon nanostructures are both sheets of graphene, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure increasingly engages one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures while simultaneously decreasingly engaging the other of one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures when said moveable carbon nanostructure 20 moves with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures.
A nanotube displacement sensor, comprising: a first stationary carbon nanostructure; 4 a moving carbon nanostructure, said moving carbon nanostructure partially engaging said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout a range of motion; and circuitry that applies an excitation voltage across said first stationary carbon nanostructure and said moving carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage 5 proportional to the displacement of said moving carbon nanostructure with respect to said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout the range of motion.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is 10 a carbon nanotube.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene. 15
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
differential displacement sensor (carbon nanotube)
differential displacement sensor (graphene)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
carbon nanostructure (stationary)
carbon nanostructure (moveable)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,395,212Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows the carbon nanotube coordinate system for determining which carbon nanotubes are armchair, zigzag, or chiral;
FIG. 2 shows diagrams of armchair, zigzag, and chiral carbon nanotubes. 4
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
FIG. 4 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the larger diameter nanotube slides exterior to two smaller diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 5 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the smaller diameter nanotube slides interior to two larger diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 8 depicts amplification and signal conditioning of electronic voltage signals from FIG s. 6 and 7;
FIG. 9 depicts a graphene sheet;
FIG. 10 depicts a graphene linear-differential-displacement sensor;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 12 depicts a graphene rotational-differential-displacement sensor; and
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A differential displacement sensor, comprising: a pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures; 5 a moveable carbon nanostructure configured to engage and move with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout a range of motion; and circuitry to apply an excitation voltage across said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures and said moveable carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage proportional to a displacement of said moveable carbon nanostructure with 10 respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout the range of motion.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are both carbon nanotubes, wherein said moveable 15 carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein the carbon nanotubes forming said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are axially aligned with the carbon nanotube forming said moveable carbon nanostructure.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is a DC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is an AC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned 20 stationary carbon nanostructures are both sheets of graphene, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure increasingly engages one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures while simultaneously decreasingly engaging the other of one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures when said moveable carbon nanostructure 20 moves with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures.
A nanotube displacement sensor, comprising: a first stationary carbon nanostructure; 4 a moving carbon nanostructure, said moving carbon nanostructure partially engaging said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout a range of motion; and circuitry that applies an excitation voltage across said first stationary carbon nanostructure and said moving carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage 5 proportional to the displacement of said moving carbon nanostructure with respect to said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout the range of motion.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is 10 a carbon nanotube.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene. 15
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
differential displacement sensor (carbon nanotube)
differential displacement sensor (graphene)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
carbon nanostructure (stationary)
carbon nanostructure (moveable)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,395,212Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows the carbon nanotube coordinate system for determining which carbon nanotubes are armchair, zigzag, or chiral;
FIG. 2 shows diagrams of armchair, zigzag, and chiral carbon nanotubes. 4
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
FIG. 4 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the larger diameter nanotube slides exterior to two smaller diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 5 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the smaller diameter nanotube slides interior to two larger diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 8 depicts amplification and signal conditioning of electronic voltage signals from FIG s. 6 and 7;
FIG. 9 depicts a graphene sheet;
FIG. 10 depicts a graphene linear-differential-displacement sensor;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 12 depicts a graphene rotational-differential-displacement sensor; and
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A differential displacement sensor, comprising: a pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures; 5 a moveable carbon nanostructure configured to engage and move with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout a range of motion; and circuitry to apply an excitation voltage across said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures and said moveable carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage proportional to a displacement of said moveable carbon nanostructure with 10 respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout the range of motion.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are both carbon nanotubes, wherein said moveable 15 carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein the carbon nanotubes forming said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are axially aligned with the carbon nanotube forming said moveable carbon nanostructure.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is a DC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is an AC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned 20 stationary carbon nanostructures are both sheets of graphene, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure increasingly engages one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures while simultaneously decreasingly engaging the other of one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures when said moveable carbon nanostructure 20 moves with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures.
A nanotube displacement sensor, comprising: a first stationary carbon nanostructure; 4 a moving carbon nanostructure, said moving carbon nanostructure partially engaging said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout a range of motion; and circuitry that applies an excitation voltage across said first stationary carbon nanostructure and said moving carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage 5 proportional to the displacement of said moving carbon nanostructure with respect to said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout the range of motion.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is 10 a carbon nanotube.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene. 15
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
differential displacement sensor (carbon nanotube)
differential displacement sensor (graphene)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
carbon nanostructure (stationary)
carbon nanostructure (moveable)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,395,212Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 shows the carbon nanotube coordinate system for determining which carbon nanotubes are armchair, zigzag, or chiral;
FIG. 2 shows diagrams of armchair, zigzag, and chiral carbon nanotubes. 4
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
FIG. 4 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the larger diameter nanotube slides exterior to two smaller diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 5 shows two views of a DWCNT linear-differential-displacement sensor, where the smaller diameter nanotube slides interior to two larger diameter nanotubes;
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 8 depicts amplification and signal conditioning of electronic voltage signals from FIG s. 6 and 7;
FIG. 9 depicts a graphene sheet;
FIG. 10 depicts a graphene linear-differential-displacement sensor;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 12 depicts a graphene rotational-differential-displacement sensor; and
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A differential displacement sensor, comprising: a pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures; 5 a moveable carbon nanostructure configured to engage and move with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout a range of motion; and circuitry to apply an excitation voltage across said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures and said moveable carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage proportional to a displacement of said moveable carbon nanostructure with 10 respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures throughout the range of motion.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are both carbon nanotubes, wherein said moveable 15 carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein the carbon nanotubes forming said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures are axially aligned with the carbon nanotube forming said moveable carbon nanostructure.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is a DC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said excitation voltage is an AC voltage.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said pair of aligned 20 stationary carbon nanostructures are both sheets of graphene, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene.
The differential displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein said moveable carbon nanostructure increasingly engages one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures while simultaneously decreasingly engaging the other of one of said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures when said moveable carbon nanostructure 20 moves with respect to said pair of aligned stationary carbon nanostructures.
A nanotube displacement sensor, comprising: a first stationary carbon nanostructure; 4 a moving carbon nanostructure, said moving carbon nanostructure partially engaging said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout a range of motion; and circuitry that applies an excitation voltage across said first stationary carbon nanostructure and said moving carbon nanostructure to generate an output voltage 5 proportional to the displacement of said moving carbon nanostructure with respect to said first stationary carbon nanostructure throughout the range of motion.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a carbon nanotube, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is 10 a carbon nanotube.
The nanotube displacement sensor of claim 18, wherein said first stationary carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene, wherein said moving carbon nanostructure is a sheet of graphene. 15
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
differential displacement sensor (carbon nanotube)
differential displacement sensor (graphene)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
carbon nanostructure (stationary)
carbon nanostructure (moveable)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3 shows which carbon nanotubes are metallic, narrow bandgap, and moderate semiconductors;
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
nanotube displacement sensor (single stationary)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding interior)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding exterior)
carbon nanotube
armchair carbon nanotube
auxiliary nanowire
zigzag carbon nanotube
chiral nanotube
graphene sheet
thin film dielectric layer
dual-wall carbon nanotube (DWCNT)
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
nanotube displacement sensor (single stationary)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding interior)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding exterior)
carbon nanotube
armchair carbon nanotube
auxiliary nanowire
zigzag carbon nanotube
chiral nanotube
graphene sheet
thin film dielectric layer
dual-wall carbon nanotube (DWCNT)
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
nanotube displacement sensor (single stationary)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding interior)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding exterior)
carbon nanotube
armchair carbon nanotube
auxiliary nanowire
zigzag carbon nanotube
chiral nanotube
graphene sheet
thin film dielectric layer
dual-wall carbon nanotube (DWCNT)
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.
nanotube displacement sensor (single stationary)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding interior)
DWCNT differential displacement sensor (sliding exterior)
carbon nanotube
armchair carbon nanotube
auxiliary nanowire
zigzag carbon nanotube
chiral nanotube
graphene sheet
thin film dielectric layer
dual-wall carbon nanotube (DWCNT)
FIG. 6 depicts auxiliary DC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 7 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding nanotube into an electronic signal;
FIG. 11 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical displacement of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal;
FIG. 13 depicts auxiliary AC electrical circuitry used to convert the physical rotation of sliding graphene sheet into an electronic signal.