Patent
US 9,477,128GRAPHENE/METAL NANOWIRE HYBRID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE FILMS
Rodney S. Ruoff
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,477,128Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a hybrid transparent conductive film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [00 18]
Figures 3A-3C depict schematic views of the hybrid transparent conductive film formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 3E is a table showing the Rs and Tsso data for single-component and hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6C is a photograph of the clean glass slide where the white dots represent the formed bacterial colonies grown during incubation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6D is a photograph of the glass slide covered with RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid films after the viability experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a flowchart of a method for assembling RG-O films onto Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 9A-9D depict schematic views of the RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 9E is a photograph of G-O dispersed in water (1.0 mg/mL) and Cu NWs dispersed in IPA with 3.0 vol% N₂H₄-H₂₀ (1.2 mg/mL) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9F is a photograph of RF-O (top) and Cu NW (bottom) films on glass substrates in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9G is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 PMMA/RG-O film delaminated from glass substrate in 1 M aqueous solution of Na O H in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9H is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 RG-O/Cu NW films on the glass substrate after the PMMA layer was removed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12A is a schematic of an electrochromic device in an electrolyte solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 12C(1)-12C(3) illustrate the as-prepared mixed transparent electrode composed of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW films with a silver (Ag) paste on top of the electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 14 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating graphene/Ag NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 15A-15G depict schematic views of the graphene/Ag NW films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16D shows a NW crossing with a line disruption in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17A is a schematic illustration of an electrochromic device structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;;
Figure 17B is a graph depicting the optical transmittance spectra of bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Figures 17C(1)-17C(2) depict photograph images showing homogeneously bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
22084-P O 87US PATENT IN THE CLAIMS Please cancel claims 1-3 and 9-20 without prejudice or disclaimer.
canceled
canceled
A hybrid transparent conductive film comprising: a film of silver nanowires; and a film of a combination of a reduced graphene oxide films film and gold nanoparticles assembled in combination directly covering said film of silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are located between said reduced graphene oxide films film and said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are trapped on reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film serving as a bridge between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film cover approximately half of a surface of a silver nanowire by following its curvature.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide films film of said combination of said reduced graphene oxide film and gold nanoparticles cover all said silver nanowires and open spaces between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said silver nanowires are randomly oriented.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film comprises antibacterial reduced graphene oxide platelets.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film is in direct contact with bacteria.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said graphene oxide film was reduced through exposure to hydrazine vapor. 3
Claims 9 -20 canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Au NP/Ag NW)
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Cu NW)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
silver nanowires
Ag
reduced graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
sheet resistance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film | 26 ohm/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
METHOD FOR ETCHING ATOMIC LAYER OF GRAPHENE
AGGREGATED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AGGREGATED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AND AGGREGATED AND NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,477,128Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a hybrid transparent conductive film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [00 18]
Figures 3A-3C depict schematic views of the hybrid transparent conductive film formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 3E is a table showing the Rs and Tsso data for single-component and hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6C is a photograph of the clean glass slide where the white dots represent the formed bacterial colonies grown during incubation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6D is a photograph of the glass slide covered with RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid films after the viability experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a flowchart of a method for assembling RG-O films onto Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 9A-9D depict schematic views of the RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 9E is a photograph of G-O dispersed in water (1.0 mg/mL) and Cu NWs dispersed in IPA with 3.0 vol% N₂H₄-H₂₀ (1.2 mg/mL) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9F is a photograph of RF-O (top) and Cu NW (bottom) films on glass substrates in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9G is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 PMMA/RG-O film delaminated from glass substrate in 1 M aqueous solution of Na O H in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9H is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 RG-O/Cu NW films on the glass substrate after the PMMA layer was removed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12A is a schematic of an electrochromic device in an electrolyte solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 12C(1)-12C(3) illustrate the as-prepared mixed transparent electrode composed of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW films with a silver (Ag) paste on top of the electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 14 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating graphene/Ag NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 15A-15G depict schematic views of the graphene/Ag NW films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16D shows a NW crossing with a line disruption in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17A is a schematic illustration of an electrochromic device structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;;
Figure 17B is a graph depicting the optical transmittance spectra of bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Figures 17C(1)-17C(2) depict photograph images showing homogeneously bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
22084-P O 87US PATENT IN THE CLAIMS Please cancel claims 1-3 and 9-20 without prejudice or disclaimer.
canceled
canceled
A hybrid transparent conductive film comprising: a film of silver nanowires; and a film of a combination of a reduced graphene oxide films film and gold nanoparticles assembled in combination directly covering said film of silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are located between said reduced graphene oxide films film and said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are trapped on reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film serving as a bridge between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film cover approximately half of a surface of a silver nanowire by following its curvature.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide films film of said combination of said reduced graphene oxide film and gold nanoparticles cover all said silver nanowires and open spaces between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said silver nanowires are randomly oriented.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film comprises antibacterial reduced graphene oxide platelets.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film is in direct contact with bacteria.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said graphene oxide film was reduced through exposure to hydrazine vapor. 3
Claims 9 -20 canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Au NP/Ag NW)
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Cu NW)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
silver nanowires
Ag
reduced graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
sheet resistance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film | 26 ohm/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
METHOD FOR ETCHING ATOMIC LAYER OF GRAPHENE
AGGREGATED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AGGREGATED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AND AGGREGATED AND NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,477,128Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a hybrid transparent conductive film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [00 18]
Figures 3A-3C depict schematic views of the hybrid transparent conductive film formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 3E is a table showing the Rs and Tsso data for single-component and hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6C is a photograph of the clean glass slide where the white dots represent the formed bacterial colonies grown during incubation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6D is a photograph of the glass slide covered with RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid films after the viability experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a flowchart of a method for assembling RG-O films onto Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 9A-9D depict schematic views of the RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 9E is a photograph of G-O dispersed in water (1.0 mg/mL) and Cu NWs dispersed in IPA with 3.0 vol% N₂H₄-H₂₀ (1.2 mg/mL) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9F is a photograph of RF-O (top) and Cu NW (bottom) films on glass substrates in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9G is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 PMMA/RG-O film delaminated from glass substrate in 1 M aqueous solution of Na O H in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9H is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 RG-O/Cu NW films on the glass substrate after the PMMA layer was removed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12A is a schematic of an electrochromic device in an electrolyte solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 12C(1)-12C(3) illustrate the as-prepared mixed transparent electrode composed of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW films with a silver (Ag) paste on top of the electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 14 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating graphene/Ag NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 15A-15G depict schematic views of the graphene/Ag NW films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16D shows a NW crossing with a line disruption in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17A is a schematic illustration of an electrochromic device structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;;
Figure 17B is a graph depicting the optical transmittance spectra of bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Figures 17C(1)-17C(2) depict photograph images showing homogeneously bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
22084-P O 87US PATENT IN THE CLAIMS Please cancel claims 1-3 and 9-20 without prejudice or disclaimer.
canceled
canceled
A hybrid transparent conductive film comprising: a film of silver nanowires; and a film of a combination of a reduced graphene oxide films film and gold nanoparticles assembled in combination directly covering said film of silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are located between said reduced graphene oxide films film and said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are trapped on reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film serving as a bridge between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film cover approximately half of a surface of a silver nanowire by following its curvature.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide films film of said combination of said reduced graphene oxide film and gold nanoparticles cover all said silver nanowires and open spaces between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said silver nanowires are randomly oriented.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film comprises antibacterial reduced graphene oxide platelets.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film is in direct contact with bacteria.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said graphene oxide film was reduced through exposure to hydrazine vapor. 3
Claims 9 -20 canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Au NP/Ag NW)
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Cu NW)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
silver nanowires
Ag
reduced graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
sheet resistance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film | 26 ohm/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
METHOD FOR ETCHING ATOMIC LAYER OF GRAPHENE
AGGREGATED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AGGREGATED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AND AGGREGATED AND NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,477,128Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a hybrid transparent conductive film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [00 18]
Figures 3A-3C depict schematic views of the hybrid transparent conductive film formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 3E is a table showing the Rs and Tsso data for single-component and hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6C is a photograph of the clean glass slide where the white dots represent the formed bacterial colonies grown during incubation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6D is a photograph of the glass slide covered with RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid films after the viability experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a flowchart of a method for assembling RG-O films onto Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 9A-9D depict schematic views of the RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 9E is a photograph of G-O dispersed in water (1.0 mg/mL) and Cu NWs dispersed in IPA with 3.0 vol% N₂H₄-H₂₀ (1.2 mg/mL) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9F is a photograph of RF-O (top) and Cu NW (bottom) films on glass substrates in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9G is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 PMMA/RG-O film delaminated from glass substrate in 1 M aqueous solution of Na O H in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 9H is a photograph of the 2 x 2 cm 2 RG-O/Cu NW films on the glass substrate after the PMMA layer was removed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12A is a schematic of an electrochromic device in an electrolyte solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 12C(1)-12C(3) illustrate the as-prepared mixed transparent electrode composed of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW films with a silver (Ag) paste on top of the electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 14 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating graphene/Ag NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 15A-15G depict schematic views of the graphene/Ag NW films formed using the steps described in the method of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16D shows a NW crossing with a line disruption in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17A is a schematic illustration of an electrochromic device structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;;
Figure 17B is a graph depicting the optical transmittance spectra of bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Figures 17C(1)-17C(2) depict photograph images showing homogeneously bleached and colored states of the electrochromic device of
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
22084-P O 87US PATENT IN THE CLAIMS Please cancel claims 1-3 and 9-20 without prejudice or disclaimer.
canceled
canceled
A hybrid transparent conductive film comprising: a film of silver nanowires; and a film of a combination of a reduced graphene oxide films film and gold nanoparticles assembled in combination directly covering said film of silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are located between said reduced graphene oxide films film and said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said gold nanoparticles are trapped on reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film serving as a bridge between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein reduced graphene oxide platelets of said reduced graphene oxide films film cover approximately half of a surface of a silver nanowire by following its curvature.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide films film of said combination of said reduced graphene oxide film and gold nanoparticles cover all said silver nanowires and open spaces between said silver nanowires.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said silver nanowires are randomly oriented.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film comprises antibacterial reduced graphene oxide platelets.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said reduced graphene oxide film is in direct contact with bacteria.
The hybrid transparent conductive film as recited in claim 4, wherein said graphene oxide film was reduced through exposure to hydrazine vapor. 3
Claims 9 -20 canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Au NP/Ag NW)
hybrid transparent conductive film (RGO/Cu NW)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
silver nanowires
Ag
reduced graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 1 B is an SEM image of a NW-NW junction with four Ni electrodes used to measure the resistance of individual NWs and the junction resistance between NWs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
sheet resistance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film | 26 ohm/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
METHOD FOR ETCHING ATOMIC LAYER OF GRAPHENE
AGGREGATED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AGGREGATED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AND AGGREGATED AND NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF
electrochromic device
gold nanoparticles
Au
hydrazine vapor
N₂H₄
graphene oxide
copper nanowires
Cu
PMMA
monolayer graphene
indium tin oxide
tungsten trioxide
WO₃
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
optical transmittance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm |
| 83 % |
reduced graphene oxide |
sheet resistance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film | 64 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm | 93.6 % | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (1.0 mg/mL, sub-percolation) | 96 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.0 mg/mL) | 740 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.0 mg/mL) | 90 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.5 mg/mL) | 520 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.5 mg/mL) | 88 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of CVD graphene film (reference value from description) | 30 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
Thickness | 100–130 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 cm | — |
Thickness | 450–470 cm | — |
Thickness | 540–580 cm | — |
Thickness | 1300–1400 cm | — |
Pressure | 0.01 Torr | — |
Thickness | 1560–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | 1500–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 60 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 k | — |
Temperature | ≥ 20 K | — |
electrochromic device
gold nanoparticles
Au
hydrazine vapor
N₂H₄
graphene oxide
copper nanowires
Cu
PMMA
monolayer graphene
indium tin oxide
tungsten trioxide
WO₃
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
optical transmittance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm |
| 83 % |
reduced graphene oxide |
sheet resistance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film | 64 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm | 93.6 % | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (1.0 mg/mL, sub-percolation) | 96 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.0 mg/mL) | 740 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.0 mg/mL) | 90 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.5 mg/mL) | 520 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.5 mg/mL) | 88 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of CVD graphene film (reference value from description) | 30 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
Thickness | 100–130 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 cm | — |
Thickness | 450–470 cm | — |
Thickness | 540–580 cm | — |
Thickness | 1300–1400 cm | — |
Pressure | 0.01 Torr | — |
Thickness | 1560–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | 1500–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 60 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 k | — |
Temperature | ≥ 20 K | — |
electrochromic device
gold nanoparticles
Au
hydrazine vapor
N₂H₄
graphene oxide
copper nanowires
Cu
PMMA
monolayer graphene
indium tin oxide
tungsten trioxide
WO₃
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
optical transmittance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm |
| 83 % |
reduced graphene oxide |
sheet resistance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film | 64 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm | 93.6 % | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (1.0 mg/mL, sub-percolation) | 96 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.0 mg/mL) | 740 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.0 mg/mL) | 90 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.5 mg/mL) | 520 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.5 mg/mL) | 88 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of CVD graphene film (reference value from description) | 30 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
Thickness | 100–130 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 cm | — |
Thickness | 450–470 cm | — |
Thickness | 540–580 cm | — |
Thickness | 1300–1400 cm | — |
Pressure | 0.01 Torr | — |
Thickness | 1560–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | 1500–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 60 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 k | — |
Temperature | ≥ 20 K | — |
electrochromic device
gold nanoparticles
Au
hydrazine vapor
N₂H₄
graphene oxide
copper nanowires
Cu
PMMA
monolayer graphene
indium tin oxide
tungsten trioxide
WO₃
Figure 1 C is a graph showing the Rs and T of RG-O and RG-O/Au NP films obtained by spin coating of the G-O and G-O/Au NP dispersions with different concentrations and then exposing the films to hydrazine vapor at 1 00° C in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3D is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra and Rs of the hybrid films obtained using the method of
Figure 4A is an SEM image showing the hybrid films composed of randomly oriented Ag NWs covered by the RG-O/Au NPs film in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4B is an SEM image showing that Ag NWs possessing the highest electrical conductivity among the single components can connect two or more RG-O platelets thereby decreasing the interplatelet resistance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4C-4D are SEM images showing that Au NPs can be located either between RG- O and Ag NWs where all three components tightly contact each other or trapped on RG-O platelets serving as a bridge between NWs, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4E is an SEM image illustrating that the RG-O platelets cover almost half of the surface of a typical Ag NW by following its curvature thereby providing a high contact area between RG-O and NWs that enhances charge transfer between these two nanostructures and improves conductivity in …
Figure 4F is an SEM image illustrating that a certain number of NWs do not directly contact the substrate because they lay across the top of other NWs that directly contact the substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 5 A(1)- 5 A(2) illustrate SEM images of two parallel NWs, individually contacted with Ni electrodes and covered with a RG-O/Au NP film, used to measure the resistance of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 5 B is a graph of the linear I-V characteristics of the system indicating the formation of ohmic contacts between parallel NWs and the RG-O film;
Figure 6A is an SEM image of a clean Si wafer, after being removed from the bacterial solution and washed with distilled water, which shows a large number of E. coli bacteria attached to its surface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6B is an SEM image of a Si waver covered with a RG-O/Au NP/Ag NW hybrid film after the adhesion experiments in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7A is an SEM image of a network of Cu NWs on a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7B is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of RG-O films on a SiO 2/Si substrate showing that the RG-O films have a continuous and smooth surface morphology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7C is a graph of the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of spin coated RG- O films and spray coated Cu NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 10 A is a graph showing the sheet resistances and optical transmittances of pure Cu NW films and RG-O/Cu NW hybrid films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0042] Figure lO B is an SEM image of individual RG-O platelets in accordance with an embodiment of the present …
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 C is a graph illustrating Cu 2 p3/2 XPS spectrum of Cu NW film kept at room temperature (bottom), and 60 ° C (middle) for 72 hours, and of RG-O/Cu NW films kept at 60 °C for 72 hours (top) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12B is a graph illustrating the optical transmittance spectra of colored and bleached states of Prussian blue (PB) films deposited on a RG-O/Cu NW transparent electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13A is an SEM image of a graphene monolayer continuously grown across the grain boundaries and steps of a polycrystalline Cu substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13B is an SEM image of graphene transferred onto a SiO 2/Si substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13C is a Raman map (1300-1400 cm -1) centered on the D mode (1365 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13D illustrates the Raman spectra corresponding to the areas shown in the Raman map of
Figure 16A is an SEM image of the hybrid films (graphene/NW films) produced by the modified dry transfer method, where the SEM image shows randomly oriented individual Ag NWs covered with a continuous 2D graphene layer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16B is an SEM image depicting a NW crossing several line disruptions of the graphene layer as illustrated by the arrows in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16C is an optical microscopy image of the hybrid films with a dashed line corresponding to the Raman map (1560-1620 cm -1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16E is a graph of the optical transmittance spectra of graphene and graphene/NW films in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16F is a graph showing that the Rs of the hybrid films decreases significantly with increasing concentration of Ag NWs for the films from NW 1 to NW₃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
optical transmittance of RGO/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm |
| 83 % |
reduced graphene oxide |
sheet resistance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film | 64 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of monolayer graphene/Ag NW hybrid film at 550 nm | 93.6 % | monolayer graphene |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (1.0 mg/mL, sub-percolation) | 96 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.0 mg/mL) | 740 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.0 mg/mL) | 90 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of Ag NW film (2.5 mg/mL) | 520 ohm/sq | Ag |
optical transmittance of Ag NW film at 550 nm (2.5 mg/mL) | 88 % | Ag |
sheet resistance of CVD graphene film (reference value from description) | 30 ohm/sq | monolayer graphene |
Thickness | 100–130 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–800 cm | — |
Thickness | 450–470 cm | — |
Thickness | 540–580 cm | — |
Thickness | 1300–1400 cm | — |
Pressure | 0.01 Torr | — |
Thickness | 1560–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | 1500–1620 cm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 60 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 k | — |
Temperature | ≥ 20 K | — |