FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a why-type question-answering system dis- closed in Patent Literature 1.

FIG. 2 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 3 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 4 shows a question and a negative example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 5 shows a question, a positive example of an answer passage to the question, and a core answer prepared based on the positive example.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of typical generative adversarial network.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a virtual system that trains a generator for forming a core answer similar to a core answer manually …

FIG. 8.

FIG. 9.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a control structure of a 10 routine for parameter training of the fake representation generator in the program shown in

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an answer classifier determining whether a passage is a correct answer to the question or not, using the …

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an encoder for forming the fake representation generator 20 shown in

FIG. 13, indicating that the classification performance of the answer classifier using the fake representation generator in accordance with the first embodiment …

FIG. 14 is the same table as

FIG. 15 is the same table as

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a second embodiment of the …

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a third embodiment of the …

FIG. 18 shows, in the form of a table, accuracy of answer 45 classifiers adopting the fake representation generators of the first, second and third embodiments …

FIG. 19.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system shown in

FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration showing a process by the Open QA system adopting the fake representation gen- erator in accordance with an embodiment of …

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system adopting the fake representation generator in accordance with an embodiment of the …

FIG. 23. B₂

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a hardware configu- 65 ration of the computer system of which appearance is shown in

FIG. 25 4 has a text fragment 102 related to question 90, other text fragments, particularly those underlined 104 are not related to the question nor to the …

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a why-type question-answering system dis- closed in Patent Literature 1.

FIG. 2 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 3 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 4 shows a question and a negative example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 5 shows a question, a positive example of an answer passage to the question, and a core answer prepared based on the positive example.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of typical generative adversarial network.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a virtual system that trains a generator for forming a core answer similar to a core answer manually …

FIG. 8.

FIG. 9.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a control structure of a 10 routine for parameter training of the fake representation generator in the program shown in

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an answer classifier determining whether a passage is a correct answer to the question or not, using the …

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an encoder for forming the fake representation generator 20 shown in

FIG. 13, indicating that the classification performance of the answer classifier using the fake representation generator in accordance with the first embodiment …

FIG. 14 is the same table as

FIG. 15 is the same table as

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a second embodiment of the …

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a third embodiment of the …

FIG. 18 shows, in the form of a table, accuracy of answer 45 classifiers adopting the fake representation generators of the first, second and third embodiments …

FIG. 19.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system shown in

FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration showing a process by the Open QA system adopting the fake representation gen- erator in accordance with an embodiment of …

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system adopting the fake representation generator in accordance with an embodiment of the …

FIG. 23. B₂

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a hardware configu- 65 ration of the computer system of which appearance is shown in

FIG. 25 4 has a text fragment 102 related to question 90, other text fragments, particularly those underlined 104 are not related to the question nor to the …

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a why-type question-answering system dis- closed in Patent Literature 1.

FIG. 2 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 3 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 4 shows a question and a negative example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 5 shows a question, a positive example of an answer passage to the question, and a core answer prepared based on the positive example.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of typical generative adversarial network.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a virtual system that trains a generator for forming a core answer similar to a core answer manually …

FIG. 8.

FIG. 9.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a control structure of a 10 routine for parameter training of the fake representation generator in the program shown in

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an answer classifier determining whether a passage is a correct answer to the question or not, using the …

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an encoder for forming the fake representation generator 20 shown in

FIG. 13, indicating that the classification performance of the answer classifier using the fake representation generator in accordance with the first embodiment …

FIG. 14 is the same table as

FIG. 15 is the same table as

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a second embodiment of the …

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a third embodiment of the …

FIG. 18 shows, in the form of a table, accuracy of answer 45 classifiers adopting the fake representation generators of the first, second and third embodiments …

FIG. 19.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system shown in

FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration showing a process by the Open QA system adopting the fake representation gen- erator in accordance with an embodiment of …

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system adopting the fake representation generator in accordance with an embodiment of the …

FIG. 23. B₂

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a hardware configu- 65 ration of the computer system of which appearance is shown in

FIG. 25 4 has a text fragment 102 related to question 90, other text fragments, particularly those underlined 104 are not related to the question nor to the …

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a why-type question-answering system dis- closed in Patent Literature 1.

FIG. 2 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 3 shows a question and a positive example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 4 shows a question and a negative example of an answer passage to the question.

FIG. 5 shows a question, a positive example of an answer passage to the question, and a core answer prepared based on the positive example.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of typical generative adversarial network.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a virtual system that trains a generator for forming a core answer similar to a core answer manually …

FIG. 8.

FIG. 9.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a control structure of a 10 routine for parameter training of the fake representation generator in the program shown in

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an answer classifier determining whether a passage is a correct answer to the question or not, using the …

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an encoder for forming the fake representation generator 20 shown in

FIG. 13, indicating that the classification performance of the answer classifier using the fake representation generator in accordance with the first embodiment …

FIG. 14 is the same table as

FIG. 15 is the same table as

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a second embodiment of the …

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration showing a scheme of a system for training a fake representation generator in accor- dance with a third embodiment of the …

FIG. 18 shows, in the form of a table, accuracy of answer 45 classifiers adopting the fake representation generators of the first, second and third embodiments …

FIG. 19.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system shown in

FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration showing a process by the Open QA system adopting the fake representation gen- erator in accordance with an embodiment of …

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the Open QA system adopting the fake representation generator in accordance with an embodiment of the …

FIG. 23. B₂

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a hardware configu- 65 ration of the computer system of which appearance is shown in

FIG. 25 4 has a text fragment 102 related to question 90, other text fragments, particularly those underlined 104 are not related to the question nor to the …